Question

before the demands of free trade, who held a monopoly on chinese trade?
a. chinese merchants
c. the portuguese
b. the british
d. japan
please select the best answer from the choices provided
a
b
c
d

Explanation:

Before free trade demands (notably from Britain in the 19th century), the Portuguese held an early monopoly on European trade with China, controlling key trade routes and the port of Macau for centuries before other European powers expanded their access.

Answer:

c. The Portuguese