Question

1.5 bell ringer: proof of earth’s formation and layers

1. what is the primary reason scientists can determine that earths outer core is liquid?
2. which layer of earth is considered semi - fluid and allows tectonic plates to move?
3. what important information do carbonaceous chondrites provide about earth?
4. what evidence suggests that earth had liquid water early in its history?
5. what makes the asthenosphere different from the lithosphere?

Explanation:

1. S - waves cannot travel through liquids. Since S - waves disappear when reaching the outer core, it is inferred to be liquid.
2. The asthenosphere is semi - fluid and allows tectonic plates to move due to its plastic - like behavior.
3. Carbonaceous chondrites are primitive meteorites. They provide information about the chemical composition of the early solar system and by extension, the early Earth as they are thought to be remnants of the material that formed the Earth.
4. Sedimentary rocks like conglomerates and sandstones that form in the presence of water, and fossil evidence of early life forms that require water, suggest early liquid water on Earth.
5. The asthenosphere is semi - fluid and can flow slowly over long periods, while the lithosphere is rigid and brittle.

Answer:

1. S - waves cannot pass through it.
2. Asthenosphere.
3. Information about Earth's early chemical composition.
4. Sedimentary rock and fossil evidence.
5. The asthenosphere is semi - fluid while the lithosphere is rigid.