Question

ch 8* archaeologists plan to examine a sample of two-meter-square plots near an ancient greek city for artifacts visible in the ground. they choose separate samples of plots from floodplain, coast, foothills, and high hills. what kind of sample is this?

○ a convenience sampling

○ a stratified random sampling

○ a voluntary response sampling

● a simple random sampling

Explanation:

1. Recall the definitions of each sampling method:

• Convenience sampling: Uses samples that are easy to reach (e.g., friends, people in a nearby area), not relevant here as the archaeologists are sampling from distinct groups (floodplain, coast, etc.).
• Stratified random sampling: The population is divided into distinct subgroups (strata) based on a characteristic (here, the geographical areas: floodplain, coast, foothills, high hills), and then samples are taken from each stratum. This matches the archaeologists' approach of choosing separate samples from each of these distinct geographical groups.
• Voluntary response sampling: Depends on people self - selecting to be in the sample (e.g., online surveys where people choose to respond), which is not the case here.
• Simple random sampling: Every individual (plot, in this case) has an equal chance of being selected, and there's no division into subgroups. But here, the archaeologists are sampling from pre - defined subgroups (different geographical areas), so it's not simple random.

Answer:

B. A stratified random sampling