Question

chemistry: ions and subatomic particles
directions: complete the following table.

ion symbol	protons	electrons	charge
s²⁻
k⁺
ba²⁺
fe³⁺
fe²⁺
f⁻
o²⁻
p³⁻
sn⁴⁺
sn²⁺
n³⁻
br⁻
mg²⁺
cu⁺
cu²⁺
u⁶⁺
mn⁵⁺
cl⁻
se²⁻

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic number = protons

The atomic number of an element gives the number of protons. For example, sulfur (S) has an atomic number of 16, so S²⁻ has 16 protons.

Step2: Calculate electrons for anions

Anions gain electrons. For S²⁻, with 16 protons, it has 16 + 2=18 electrons (due to the 2 - charge).

Step3: Calculate electrons for cations

Cations lose electrons. For K⁺, potassium has an atomic number of 19, so it has 19 - 1 = 18 electrons (due to the 1+ charge).

Step4: Determine charge

The charge is given in the ion symbol. For example, Ba²⁺ has a charge of 2+.

Ion Symbol	Protons	Electrons	Charge
K⁺	19	18	1+
Ba²⁺	56	54	2+
Fe³⁺	26	23	3+
Fe²⁺	26	24	2+
F⁻	9	10	1 -
O²⁻	8	10	2 -
P³⁻	15	18	3 -
Sn⁴⁺	50	46	4+
Sn²⁺	50	48	2+
N³⁻	7	10	3 -
Br⁻	35	36	1 -
Mg²⁺	12	10	2+
Cu⁺	29	28	1+
Cu²⁺	29	27	2+
U⁶⁺	92	86	6+
Mn⁵⁺	25	20	5+
Cl⁻	17	18	1 -
Se²⁻	34	36	2 -

Answer:

The completed table is shown above.