Question

chemistry i sci101ms1 9 chemistry i si (lms) 3 - d assessment: chemical bonding (lms graded) chemistry students are learning about lewis structures. their instructor asks them to draw lewis structures for carbon dioxide using both electron dots and bonds to show bonding relationships. determine which lewis structures are correct and incorrect. :ö::c::ö: :ö::c::o: :ö=c=ö: ö=c=ö: i ii iii iv drag each lewis structure roman numeral into the appropriate box. i ii iii iv correct lewis structures for carbon dioxide incorrect lewis structures for carbon dioxide

Explanation:

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Carbon has 4 valence - electrons and each oxygen has 6 valence - electrons. So, in $CO_2$ ($4 + 2\times6=16$) total valence electrons.

Step2: Analyze structure I

In structure I ($: \ddot{O}::C::\ddot{O}:$), carbon has 4 bonding pairs (8 electrons around it) and each oxygen has 2 bonding pairs and 2 non - bonding pairs (8 electrons around each oxygen), which satisfies the octet rule and accounts for 16 valence electrons. It is correct.

Step3: Analyze structure II

In structure II ($: \ddot{O}::C::O:$), the right - hand oxygen has only 6 electrons around it, violating the octet rule. It is incorrect.

Step4: Analyze structure III

In structure III ($: \ddot{O}=C=\ddot{O}:$), carbon has 4 bonding pairs (8 electrons around it) and each oxygen has 2 bonding pairs and 2 non - bonding pairs (8 electrons around each oxygen), which satisfies the octet rule and accounts for 16 valence electrons. It is correct.

Step5: Analyze structure IV

In structure IV ($\ddot{O}=C=\ddot{O}:$), the left - hand oxygen has only 7 electrons around it, violating the octet rule. It is incorrect.

Answer:

Correct Lewis Structures for Carbon Dioxide: I, III
Incorrect Lewis Structures for Carbon Dioxide: II, IV