Question

1. the cobe and wmap space observatories mapped the temperature of the early universe. how would the present universe be different if there were no temperature variations in the early universe? we would not be here 10. the first stars formed _ million years after the big bang and the first galaxies formed _ billion years after the big bang. 11. the expansion of the universe is accelerating because of _ 12. describe how the universe will look 100 billion years from now.

Explanation:

1. Temperature variations in the early universe were crucial for gravitational collapse, which led to the formation of structures like stars and galaxies. Without them, matter would have been uniformly distributed and complex structures necessary for life - including life on Earth - would not have formed.
2. Current estimates suggest the first stars formed about 100 - 200 million years after the Big - Bang, and the first galaxies formed about 1 - 2 billion years after the Big - Bang.
3. The acceleration of the universe's expansion is attributed to dark energy, a mysterious form of energy that permeates all of space and has a negative pressure that counteracts gravity on large scales.
4. In 100 billion years, most stars will have exhausted their fuel and died. Galaxies will have dispersed due to the continued expansion of the universe. The universe will be a much darker and colder place, with only the occasional faint glow from the remaining, long - lived stars and perhaps some new star formation in isolated pockets.

Answer:

1. Complex structures like stars, galaxies and life would not have formed as matter would be uniformly distributed.
2. Approximately 100 - 200 million years; approximately 1 - 2 billion years
3. Dark energy
4. It will be darker and colder, with most stars having died, galaxies dispersed, and only occasional faint starlight and possible isolated new star formation.