Question

copernicus, galileo galilei and others developed the heliocentric theory. this theory placed the sun at the center of the solar system and was eventually accepted by most scientists. the picture shows simplified models of each theory.

the two theories were different because only the heliocentric theory -
question 4 / 5
a was strongly supported by both old and new data.
b predicted the existence of other solar systems.
c was simple enough for everyone to understand.
d could explain the apparent motions of the sun, the moon, and the planets.

Explanation:

The geocentric model (Earth-centered) was unable to fully explain the apparent retrograde motion of planets, while the heliocentric (Sun-centered) model provided a consistent framework to account for the apparent motions of the Sun, Moon, and planets through the relative positions and movements of celestial bodies. Option A is incorrect because early heliocentric theory lacked widespread supporting data initially. Option B is incorrect as neither early model predicted other solar systems. Option C is incorrect because the heliocentric model was not inherently simpler for the public to grasp initially, as it countered everyday observations of the Sun "moving" across the sky.

Answer:

D. could explain the apparent motions of the Sun, the Moon, and the planets.