Question

covalent compounds
name of covalent compound | formula of covalent compound
carbon dioxide |
nitrogen monoxide |
diphosphorus pentoxide |
disulfur trichloride |
boron trichloride |
| sif₄
| n₂s₃
| sio₂
| ccl₄
| h₂s

Explanation:

To solve for the formulas and names of covalent compounds, we use the rules for naming covalent compounds (prefixes: mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, etc., to indicate the number of atoms) and writing their formulas (using the prefixes to determine the subscripts).

1. Carbon dioxide

• Prefixes: "carbon" (1 C atom, no prefix), "dioxide" (di- = 2 O atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{CO_2}$

2. Nitrogen monoxide

• Prefixes: "nitrogen" (1 N atom, no prefix), "monoxide" (mono- = 1 O atom).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{NO}$

3. Diphosphorus pentoxide

• Prefixes: "diphosphorus" (di- = 2 P atoms), "pentoxide" (penta- = 5 O atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{P_2O_5}$

4. Disulfur trichloride

• Prefixes: "disulfur" (di- = 2 S atoms), "trichloride" (tri- = 3 Cl atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{S_2Cl_3}$

5. Boron trichloride

• Prefixes: "boron" (1 B atom, no prefix), "trichloride" (tri- = 3 Cl atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{BCl_3}$

6. $\boldsymbol{SiF_4}$

• Prefixes: "Si" = silicon, "F" = fluorine. Subscript 4 = tetra-.
• Name: Silicon tetrafluoride

7. $\boldsymbol{N_2S_3}$

• Prefixes: "N" = nitrogen (subscript 2 = di-), "S" = sulfur (subscript 3 = tri-).
• Name: Dinitrogen trisulfide

8. $\boldsymbol{SiO_2}$

• Prefixes: "Si" = silicon, "O" = oxygen (subscript 2 = di-).
• Name: Silicon dioxide

9. $\boldsymbol{CCl_4}$

• Prefixes: "C" = carbon, "Cl" = chlorine (subscript 4 = tetra-).
• Name: Carbon tetrachloride

10. $\boldsymbol{H_2S}$

• Prefixes: "H" = hydrogen (subscript 2 = di-), "S" = sulfur (1 S atom, no prefix).
• Name: Hydrogen sulfide (or dihydrogen sulfide)

Final Table (Filled)

Name of Covalent Compound	Formula of Covalent Compound
Nitrogen monoxide	$NO$
Diphosphorus pentoxide	$P_2O_5$
Disulfur trichloride	$S_2Cl_3$
Boron trichloride	$BCl_3$
Silicon tetrafluoride	$SiF_4$
Dinitrogen trisulfide	$N_2S_3$
Silicon dioxide	$SiO_2$
Carbon tetrachloride	$CCl_4$
Hydrogen sulfide	$H_2S$

(Note: For $H_2S$, "dihydrogen sulfide" is also acceptable, but "hydrogen sulfide" is common.)

Answer:

To solve for the formulas and names of covalent compounds, we use the rules for naming covalent compounds (prefixes: mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, etc., to indicate the number of atoms) and writing their formulas (using the prefixes to determine the subscripts).

1. Carbon dioxide

• Prefixes: "carbon" (1 C atom, no prefix), "dioxide" (di- = 2 O atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{CO_2}$

2. Nitrogen monoxide

• Prefixes: "nitrogen" (1 N atom, no prefix), "monoxide" (mono- = 1 O atom).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{NO}$

3. Diphosphorus pentoxide

• Prefixes: "diphosphorus" (di- = 2 P atoms), "pentoxide" (penta- = 5 O atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{P_2O_5}$

4. Disulfur trichloride

• Prefixes: "disulfur" (di- = 2 S atoms), "trichloride" (tri- = 3 Cl atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{S_2Cl_3}$

5. Boron trichloride

• Prefixes: "boron" (1 B atom, no prefix), "trichloride" (tri- = 3 Cl atoms).
• Formula: $\boldsymbol{BCl_3}$

6. $\boldsymbol{SiF_4}$

• Prefixes: "Si" = silicon, "F" = fluorine. Subscript 4 = tetra-.
• Name: Silicon tetrafluoride

7. $\boldsymbol{N_2S_3}$

• Prefixes: "N" = nitrogen (subscript 2 = di-), "S" = sulfur (subscript 3 = tri-).
• Name: Dinitrogen trisulfide

8. $\boldsymbol{SiO_2}$

• Prefixes: "Si" = silicon, "O" = oxygen (subscript 2 = di-).
• Name: Silicon dioxide

9. $\boldsymbol{CCl_4}$

• Prefixes: "C" = carbon, "Cl" = chlorine (subscript 4 = tetra-).
• Name: Carbon tetrachloride

10. $\boldsymbol{H_2S}$

• Prefixes: "H" = hydrogen (subscript 2 = di-), "S" = sulfur (1 S atom, no prefix).
• Name: Hydrogen sulfide (or dihydrogen sulfide)

Final Table (Filled)

Name of Covalent Compound	Formula of Covalent Compound
Nitrogen monoxide	$NO$
Diphosphorus pentoxide	$P_2O_5$
Disulfur trichloride	$S_2Cl_3$
Boron trichloride	$BCl_3$
Silicon tetrafluoride	$SiF_4$
Dinitrogen trisulfide	$N_2S_3$
Silicon dioxide	$SiO_2$
Carbon tetrachloride	$CCl_4$
Hydrogen sulfide	$H_2S$

(Note: For $H_2S$, "dihydrogen sulfide" is also acceptable, but "hydrogen sulfide" is common.)