Question

directions: based on the video lecture #1 and sept. 2 in class lecture, answer the following questions. answers should be based in relation to the class lecture and not just off the internet. this is not a formal essay and citations are not needed. answers can be in short paragraphs or a word.

1. name the social race theory that helped explain how imitation and depictions of the \east\ developed across the world (1pt - one word).
2. what is the difference and inference in meaning between the two sentences below? provide details and explain. (3pts)

why dont you work harder for the american dream?
why cant you work harder for the american dream?

1. ______ is the power an individual has to act independently and make their own free choices. (1pt)

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Explanation:

To answer these questions, we need to draw from the relevant lecture content (Video Lecture #1 and Sept. 2 class lecture). Here are brief explanations for each:

Question 1

One social race theory that explains the imitation and depiction of the "East" is Orientalism (Edward Said’s theory). Orientalism posits that Western societies constructed a romanticized, exoticized, or inferiorized image of the East (Asia, the Middle East, etc.) to assert Western cultural, intellectual, and political dominance. This theory helps explain how the "East" became a subject of imitation (e.g., in art, literature, or media, where Western works replicate imagined Eastern tropes) and depiction (e.g., portraying Eastern cultures as static, spiritual, or backward to contrast with Western modernity).

Question 2

• Difference: A difference in meaning refers to the literal or explicit contrast between two sentences (e.g., "I like coffee" vs. "I dislike coffee" have opposite meanings). An inference is a conclusion drawn from implicit cues, not directly stated (e.g., "She carried an umbrella" implies "It might rain"—the inference is not explicit in the sentence but derived from context/knowledge).
• Why "don’t you work harder…" vs. "can’t you work harder…":
• "Why don’t you work harder…" is a suggestion or mild criticism (implying the listener could work harder but chooses not to).
• "Why can’t you work harder…" is a frustrated inquiry or accusation (implying the listener lacks the ability to work harder, or is perceived as failing to do so despite capacity).

Question 3

The power an individual has to act independently and make their own free choices is agency (in social theory). Agency refers to the capacity of individuals to act on their own will, make decisions, and shape their lives (or social outcomes) despite structural constraints (like social norms, economic systems, or power hierarchies).

Answer:

s (Summarized):

1. Orientalism (explained as above).
2. Difference = explicit meaning contrast; Inference = implicit conclusion. "Don’t" = suggestion; "Can’t" = frustration about ability.
3. Agency.