Question

distinguish between random errors and systematic errors. how can we minimize the effects of random errors? how can we account for the effect of a systematic error?
choose the correct answer below.
a. there is no way to minimize random errors because they are unpredictable. to account for the effect of a systematic error, adjust all measurements accordingly
b. to minimize the effects of random errors, make many measurements and average them. there is no way to account for a systematic error because they are unpredictable
c. to minimize the effects of random errors, assume that all of the data will be too high or too low and adjust accordingly. to account for the effect of a systematic error, make many measurements and average them.
d. to minimize the effects of random errors, make many measurements and average them. to account for the effect of a systematic error, adjust all measurements accordingly

Explanation:

Random errors are unpredictable fluctuations. Averaging multiple measurements reduces their impact as they tend to cancel out. Systematic errors are consistent biases in measurement, so adjusting all measurements is a way to account for them.

Answer:

D. To minimize the effects of random errors, make many measurements and average them. To account for the effect of a systematic error, adjust all measurements accordingly