Question

1. draw out the lewis dot structure for sodium bicarbonate (hint: think about what kind of bond it is)
2. draw out the lewis dot structure for vinegar (hint: think about what kind of bond it is)

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$)

Sodium bicarbonate has an ionic bond between $Na^+$ and $HCO_3^-$. The $HCO_3^-$ has covalent bonds within it. Carbon has 4 valence - electrons, oxygen has 6 valence - electrons, and hydrogen has 1 valence - electron.

Step2: Draw $HCO_3^-$ Lewis structure

Carbon is the central atom. It forms a double - bond with one oxygen (using 2 of carbon's 4 valence electrons), single - bonds with another oxygen and a hydrogen. The oxygen with the single - bond has 3 lone pairs, the oxygen with the double - bond has 2 lone pairs, and carbon has no lone pairs. Then add the $Na^+$ ion outside the $HCO_3^-$ ion.

Step3: Analyze vinegar (acetic acid, $CH_3COOH$)

Acetic acid has covalent bonds. Carbon has 4 valence - electrons, oxygen has 6 valence - electrons, and hydrogen has 1 valence - electron.

Step4: Draw acetic acid Lewis structure

One carbon is part of a methyl group ($-CH_3$). The other carbon is double - bonded to an oxygen and single - bonded to another oxygen which is single - bonded to a hydrogen. The methyl carbon has 3 hydrogens attached to it. The oxygen in the $C = O$ has 2 lone pairs, the oxygen in the $C - O - H$ has 2 lone pairs.

Answer:

For sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$), draw a $HCO_3^-$ structure with carbon as the central atom, double - bonded to one oxygen, single - bonded to another oxygen and a hydrogen, with appropriate lone pairs on oxygen atoms, and then place a $Na^+$ ion outside. For vinegar (acetic acid, $CH_3COOH$), draw a structure with one carbon having 3 hydrogens attached (methyl group), the other carbon double - bonded to one oxygen and single - bonded to another oxygen which is single - bonded to a hydrogen, with appropriate lone pairs on oxygen atoms.