Question

for each of the following, circle the correct element.
metal
smallest ionization energy
largest atomic mass
member of the halogen family
greatest electronegativity
largest atomic radius
largest atomic number
member of noble gases
4 energy levels
member of alkali metals
6 valence electrons
nonmetal
member of transition metals
alkaline earth metal
metalloid
gas at room temperature
will have a +2 charge?

Answer:

To solve these problems, we analyze each category based on periodic table properties:

1. Metal

Metals are typically on the left/center. From options (Li, Si, S), Li (Lithium) is an alkali metal (metal).

2. Smallest Ionization Energy

Ionization energy increases right/up. Among (N, P, As), As (Arsenic) is lowest (down a group, IE decreases).

3. Largest Atomic Mass

Atomic mass increases with atomic number. Among (K, Ca, Sc), Sc (Scandium) has the highest atomic mass (Sc: ~45, K: ~39, Ca: ~40).

4. Member of Halogen Family

Halogens are Group 17 (F, Cl, Br, I, At). From (S, Cl, Ar), Cl (Chlorine) is a halogen.

5. Greatest Electronegativity

Electronegativity increases right/up. Among (Al, Si, P), P (Phosphorus) is most electronegative (rightmost).

6. Largest Atomic Radius

Atomic radius increases left/down. Among (Al, Si, Ge), Al (Aluminum) is largest (leftmost).

7. Largest Atomic Number

Atomic number = protons. Among (V, Nb, Ta), Ta (Tantalum) has the highest atomic number (Ta: 73, Nb: 41, V: 23).

8. Member of Noble Gases

Noble gases are Group 18 (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn). From (Te, I, Xe), Xe (Xenon) is a noble gas.

9. 4 Energy Levels

Energy levels = period number. Period 4 elements have 4 energy levels. Among (Si, Ge, Sn), Ge (Germanium) is in Period 4 (Si: Period 3, Sn: Period 5).

10. Member of Alkali Metals

Alkali metals are Group 1 (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs). From (Li, Be, B), Li (Lithium) is an alkali metal.

11. 6 Valence Electrons

Group 16 elements have 6 valence electrons (O, S, Se, Te, Po). From (As, Li, Br), As (Arsenic) is in Group 15 (5 valence), wait—correction: Group 16 is 6. Wait, (As: 5, Li: 1, Br: 7). Wait, maybe a typo, but if we recheck, Te (Tellurium) (from earlier) is Group 16, but in this row, maybe error. Assuming the row is (As, Li, Br), no. Wait, original row: "6 valence electrons" with (As, Li, Br)? No—maybe the correct element is S (Sulfur) (Group 16, 6 valence), but in the given options, perhaps a misprint. Alternatively, if the options are (As, Li, Br), none—so maybe the intended is O (not listed), but from the given, maybe a mistake.

12. Nonmetal

Nonmetals are right of metalloids. From (H, Li, Nb), H (Hydrogen) is a nonmetal.

13. Member of Transition Metals

Transition metals are d-block. From (Hg, Tl, Pb), Hg (Mercury) is a transition metal (d-block, Group 12).

14. Alkaline Earth Metal

Alkaline earths are Group 2 (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba). From (Na, Al, Mg), Mg (Magnesium) is an alkaline earth metal.

15. Metalloid

Metalloids are B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po. From (Pb, Al, Ge), Ge (Germanium) is a metalloid.

16. Gas at Room Temperature

Gases at room temp: H₂, N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn. From (Pb, C, N), N (Nitrogen) is a gas.

17. Will have a +2 Oxidation

Elements in Group 2 (alkaline earths) or some transition metals have +2. From (S, O, Ti), Ti (Titanium) (transition metal, common +2) or O (no, O is -2). Wait, Group 2: Mg, Ca, etc. If options are (S, O, Ti), Ti can have +2.

For each row, the circled (correct) elements align with these properties. For example:

• Metal: Li (circled)
• Smallest IE: As (circled)
• Largest Atomic Mass: Sc (circled)
• Halogen: Cl (circled)
• Greatest Electronegativity: P (circled)
• Largest Atomic Radius: Al (circled)
• Largest Atomic Number: Ta (circled)
• Noble Gas: Xe (circled)
• 4 Energy Levels: Ge (circled)
• Alkali Metal: Li (circled)
• Nonmetal: H (circled)
• Transition Metal: Hg (circled)
• Alkaline Earth: Mg (circled)
• Metalloid: Ge (circled)
• Gas at RT: N (circled)

(Note: Some rows may have minor typos, but the logic follows periodic table trends.)