Question

for each of the following elements, draw lewis dot diagrams and arrows to show the transfer of electrons. then, write the chemical formula and name for the compound. 1)sodium + chlorine 2)potassium + iodine

Explanation:

1) Sodium + Chlorine

Step 1: Lewis Dot Diagrams

• Sodium (Na) has 1 valence electron, so its Lewis dot diagram is $\text{Na} \cdot$.
• Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons, so its Lewis dot diagram is $\text{Cl} : \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}$.

Step 2: Electron Transfer

• Sodium (a metal) will transfer its 1 valence electron to chlorine (a non - metal). The arrow shows the transfer: $\text{Na} \cdot

ightarrow \text{Cl} : \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}$

• After transfer, sodium becomes $\text{Na}^+$ (loses 1 electron) and chlorine becomes $\text{Cl}^-$ (gains 1 electron, now has 8 valence electrons: $[: \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}\text{Cl} :]^-$)

Step 3: Chemical Formula and Name

• The chemical formula is determined by the ratio of ions. Since $\text{Na}^+$ and $\text{Cl}^-$ have a 1:1 charge ratio, the formula is $\text{NaCl}$.
• The name of the compound is Sodium Chloride.

2) Potassium + Iodine

Step 1: Lewis Dot Diagrams

• Potassium (K) has 1 valence electron, so its Lewis dot diagram is $\text{K} \cdot$.
• Iodine (I) has 7 valence electrons, so its Lewis dot diagram is $\text{I} : \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}$.

Step 2: Electron Transfer

• Potassium (a metal) will transfer its 1 valence electron to iodine (a non - metal). The arrow shows the transfer: $\text{K} \cdot

ightarrow \text{I} : \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}$

• After transfer, potassium becomes $\text{K}^+$ (loses 1 electron) and iodine becomes $\text{I}^-$ (gains 1 electron, now has 8 valence electrons: $[: \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}\text{I} :]^-$)

Step 3: Chemical Formula and Name

• The chemical formula is determined by the ratio of ions. Since $\text{K}^+$ and $\text{I}^-$ have a 1:1 charge ratio, the formula is $\text{KI}$.
• The name of the compound is Potassium Iodide.

Answer:

1. For Sodium + Chlorine:

• Lewis dot transfer: $\text{Na} \cdot + : \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}\text{Cl} :

ightarrow \text{Na}^+ + [: \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}\text{Cl} :]^-$

• Chemical formula: $\text{NaCl}$; Name: Sodium Chloride

1. For Potassium + Iodine:

• Lewis dot transfer: $\text{K} \cdot + : \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}\text{I} :

ightarrow \text{K}^+ + [: \overset{..}{..} \overset{..}{.}\text{I} :]^-$

• Chemical formula: $\text{KI}$; Name: Potassium Iodide