Question

1. fill in the missing information in the data table below. then, using the periodic table, determine whether each of the following is an atom, ion, or isotope.

element name	atomic number	mass number	# of protons	# of neutrons	# of electrons	atom (a), ion (i), or isotope (is)?	create the atom symbol
oxygen		18	8		8	a i is
bromine	35			45	35	a i is

1. determine the following information from the atom symbols:

protons?
electrons?
neutrons?
mass #?
atomic #?
charge?
atom, ion, or isotope?

42 20 ca

protons?
electrons?
neutrons?
mass #?
atomic #?
charge?
atom, ion, or isotope?

24 12 mg 2+

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic number property

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. For potassium with atomic number 19, the number of protons is 19.

Step2: Recall mass - number formula

Mass number = number of protons+number of neutrons. For potassium, mass number = 19 + 20=39. Since the number of electrons (18) is less than the number of protons (19), it is an ion. The atom symbol is \(^{39}_{19}K^{+}\).

Step3: For oxygen

The atomic number of oxygen is 8, so the number of protons is 8. Mass number is given as 18. Number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 18 - 8 = 10. Since number of electrons = number of protons = 8, it is an atom. The atom symbol is \(^{18}_{8}O\).

Step4: For bromine

Atomic number is 35, so number of protons is 35. Mass number = 35+45 = 80. Since number of electrons = number of protons = 35, it is an atom. The atom symbol is \(^{80}_{35}Br\).

Step5: Analyze \(^{42}_{20}Ca\)

Protons = 20 (from atomic number). Electrons = 20 (neutral atom). Neutrons = 42 - 20=22. Mass number = 42. Atomic number = 20. Charge = 0. It is an atom.

Step6: Analyze \(^{24}_{12}Mg^{2 +}\)

Protons = 12 (from atomic number). Electrons = 12 - 2 = 10 (due to 2+ charge). Neutrons = 24 - 12 = 12. Mass number = 24. Atomic number = 12. Charge = 2+. It is an ion.

Answer:

Element	Atomic Number	Mass Number	# of Protons	# of Neutrons	# of Electrons	Atom/Ion/Isotope	Atom Symbol
Oxygen	8	18	8	10	8	Atom	\(^{18}_{8}O\)
Bromine	35	80	35	45	35	Atom	\(^{80}_{35}Br\)
Calcium (\(^{42}_{20}Ca\))	20	42	20	22	20	Atom	\(^{42}_{20}Ca\)
Magnesium (\(^{24}_{12}Mg^{2+}\))	12	24	12	12	10	Ion	\(^{24}_{12}Mg^{2+}\)