Question

give the structure for each of the following organic compounds: 1. butane 2. 3 - ethyl - 2 - methyloctane 3. 4 - isopropylnonane 4. 2 - iodo - 2,4,4 - trimethylpentane 5. 1,2 - dibromocyclohexane 6. 3,3 - dimethyl - 1 - butene 7. 3,3,4 - trimethyl - 1 - pentene 8. 3 - bromo - 1 - pentyne 9. isopropylbenzene 10. 2 - phenyloctane

Explanation:

Step1: Recall naming - rules for organic compounds

Use IUPAC rules to construct structures from names.

Step2: Structure of butane

Butane is an alkane with 4 carbon - atoms in a straight - chain. Its structure is $CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_3$.

Step3: Structure of 3 - ethyl - 2 - methyloctane

Octane has 8 carbon - atoms in the parent chain. At the 3 - position, there is an ethyl group ($-CH_2CH_3$) and at the 2 - position, there is a methyl group ($-CH_3$). The structure is $CH_3CH(CH_3)CH(CH_2CH_3)CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$.

Step4: Structure of 4 - isopropylnonane

Nonane has 9 carbon - atoms in the parent chain. At the 4 - position, there is an isopropyl group ($-CH(CH_3)_2$). The structure is $CH_3CH_2CH_2CH(CH(CH_3)_2)CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$.

Step5: Structure of 2 - iodo - 2,4,4 - trimethylpentane

Pentane has 5 carbon - atoms in the parent chain. At the 2 - position, there is an iodine atom and a methyl group, and at the 4 - position, there are two methyl groups. The structure is $(CH_3)_3CCHI(CH_3)_2$.

Step6: Structure of 1,2 - dibromocyclohexane

Cyclohexane is a 6 - membered ring. Bromine atoms are attached to the 1 and 2 carbon - atoms of the ring. The structure is a cyclohexane ring with $-Br$ groups on adjacent carbon - atoms.

Step7: Structure of 3,3 - dimethyl - 1 - butene

Butene has 4 carbon - atoms with a double bond at the 1 - position. At the 3 - position, there are two methyl groups. The structure is $CH_2 = CHC(CH_3)_3$.

Step8: Structure of 3,3,4 - trimethyl - 1 - pentene

Pentene has 5 carbon - atoms with a double bond at the 1 - position. At the 3 - position, there are two methyl groups and at the 4 - position, there is one methyl group. The structure is $CH_2=CHC(CH_3)_2CH(CH_3)$.

Step9: Structure of 3 - bromo - 1 - pentyne

Pentyne has 5 carbon - atoms with a triple bond at the 1 - position. At the 3 - position, there is a bromine atom. The structure is $HC\equiv CCH(Br)CH_2CH_3$.

Step10: Structure of isopropylbenzene

Benzene is the parent ring. An isopropyl group ($-CH(CH_3)_2$) is attached to the benzene ring. The structure is a benzene ring with $-CH(CH_3)_2$ attached to it.

Step11: Structure of 2 - phenyloctane

Octane is the parent chain with 8 carbon - atoms. A phenyl group ($-C_6H_5$) is attached to the 2 - position. The structure is $CH_3CH(C_6H_5)CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$.

Answer:

1. $CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_3$
2. $CH_3CH(CH_3)CH(CH_2CH_3)CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$
3. $CH_3CH_2CH_2CH(CH(CH_3)_2)CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$
4. $(CH_3)_3CCHI(CH_3)_2$
5. Cyclohexane ring with $-Br$ groups on adjacent carbon - atoms
6. $CH_2 = CHC(CH_3)_3$
7. $CH_2=CHC(CH_3)_2CH(CH_3)$
8. $HC\equiv CCH(Br)CH_2CH_3$
9. Benzene ring with $-CH(CH_3)_2$ attached
10. $CH_3CH(C_6H_5)CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$