Question

this graph shows how the vapor pressure of three liquids varies with temperature: use the graph to answer the following questions: which liquid is the most volatile? which is the least volatile? what is the normal boiling point of each liquid? note: your answer must be within 1°c of the exact answer to be graded correct. suppose a beaker of ethanol is put inside a sealed tank containing ethanol gas at 75. degree c and 869. torr. after ten minutes, will there be more liquid in the beaker, less liquid, or the same amount?

Explanation:

Step1: Define volatility

Volatility is related to vapor - pressure. Higher vapor - pressure at a given temperature means higher volatility.

Step2: Compare vapor - pressures at a temperature

At a given temperature (e.g., 60°C), hexane has the highest vapor - pressure among the three liquids, and isopropyl acetate has the lowest. So hexane is the most volatile and isopropyl acetate is the least volatile.

Step3: Determine boiling points

The normal boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor - pressure of the liquid is equal to 760 torr. From the graph, for hexane, the temperature corresponding to 760 torr is approximately 69°C; for ethanol, it is approximately 78°C; for isopropyl acetate, it is approximately 89°C.

Step4: Analyze ethanol in the beaker

At 75°C, the vapor - pressure of ethanol from the graph is approximately 740 torr. The pressure in the tank is 869 torr. Since the pressure of ethanol gas in the tank is higher than the vapor - pressure of ethanol at 75°C, the gas will condense, and there will be more liquid in the beaker.

Answer:

most volatile: hexane
least volatile: isopropyl acetate
hexane: 69
ethanol: 78
isopropyl acetate: 89
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