Question

“how did britain let 250,000 under-age soldiers fight in ww1?”
○ question/rhetorical question
○ definition
○ description

“the storm of applause that greeted his speech disturbed the troubled president.”
○ claim/ opinion
○ question/
○ rhetorical question
○ description

Explanation:

First Question: "How did Britain let 250,000 under - age soldiers fight in WW1?"

A question/rhetorical question is a sentence that asks for information or may be used for rhetorical effect. This sentence starts with "How" and is asking about the circumstances of Britain letting under - age soldiers fight in WW1, so it is a question (could be a rhetorical question too, but the main type here is a question). A definition would be explaining what a term means, and a description would be giving details about a thing or event, which this is not.

A description is a statement that gives details about a situation or event. This sentence is describing what happened (the applause disturbing the president). A claim/opinion would be a statement of belief or judgment, and this is just stating a fact - like situation. It is not a question (since it doesn't ask anything) or a rhetorical question (which is a question - like statement for effect but this is a declarative sentence).

Answer:

Question/rhetorical question

Second Question: "The storm of applause that greeted his speech disturbed the troubled president."