Question

information:
b. a force of 3 n acts on a 3.2 kg object for 12 s.
what is the object’s change in momentum (δp)?
formula:
δp =
f =
δt =

what is its change in velocity?
formula:
m =
δv =
δp =

practice problems: show your work!

1. levi tosses an 11 kg bowling ball down the lane with a velocity of 4.8 m/s. what is the momentum of the bowling ball?

formula:
m =
δv =
δp =

1. sophia pushes a 15.5 kg sled with a force of 23.2 n for 3 seconds. what is the impulse exerted on the sled?

formula:
f =
m =
δt =

1. ather kicks a soccer ball with a mass of 0.4 kg, changing its velocity from 0.18 m/s to 20 m/s in 0.5 seconds. what is the impulse applied to the soccer ball?

formula:
m =
δv =
δp =

Explanation:

Step1: Find change in momentum

Formula: $\Delta p = F \cdot \Delta t$
$F=3\ \text{N}$, $\Delta t=1.2\ \text{s}$
$\Delta p = 3 \times 1.2 = 3.6\ \text{kg·m/s}$

Step2: Find change in velocity

Formula: $\Delta v = \frac{\Delta p}{m}$
$m=3.2\ \text{kg}$, $\Delta p=3.6\ \text{kg·m/s}$
$\Delta v = \frac{3.6}{3.2} = 1.125\ \text{m/s}$

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Practice Problem 1:

Step1: Calculate momentum

Formula: $p = m \cdot v$
$m=11\ \text{kg}$, $v=4.6\ \text{m/s}$
$p = 11 \times 4.6 = 50.6\ \text{kg·m/s}$

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Practice Problem 2:

Step1: Calculate impulse

Formula: $J = F \cdot \Delta t$
$F=33.2\ \text{N}$, $\Delta t=3\ \text{s}$
$J = 33.2 \times 3 = 99.6\ \text{N·s}$

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Practice Problem 3:

Step1: Calculate change in velocity

$\Delta v = v_f - v_i = 20 - 0.13 = 19.87\ \text{m/s}$

Step2: Calculate impulse (equal to $\Delta p$)

Formula: $J = \Delta p = m \cdot \Delta v$
$m=0.4\ \text{kg}$, $\Delta v=19.87\ \text{m/s}$
$J = 0.4 \times 19.87 = 7.948\ \text{N·s}$

Answer:

First Problem:

Change in momentum: $\Delta p = 3.6\ \text{kg·m/s}$
Change in velocity: $\Delta v = 1.125\ \text{m/s}$

Practice Problem 1:

Momentum of bowling ball: $50.6\ \text{kg·m/s}$

Practice Problem 2:

Impulse on sled: $99.6\ \text{N·s}$

Practice Problem 3:

Impulse on soccer ball: $7.948\ \text{N·s}$