Question

1. label the parts of an atom in the diagram below

a) what type of charge does a proton have?
b) what type of charge does a neutron have?
c) what type of charge does an electron have?
d) which two subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?

1. an element is represented by its chemical symbol along with a few numbers. based on the example on the right, fill in the numbers of protons (p), neutrons (n), and electrons (e) for the following elements.

c carbon 12.011 #p _ #n _ #e ___
ne neon 20.108 #p _ #n _ #e ___
k potassium 39.098 #p _ #n _ #e ___

1. complete the table using your knowledge of the periodic table.

symbol atomic number mass number number of protons number of electrons number of neutrons
na 11 12
k 39 19
38 50
f 9 10
20 40 20
50 50 69
i 53 127

Explanation:

Step1: Recall sub - atomic particle charges

A proton has a positive charge, a neutron has no charge, and an electron has a negative charge.

Step2: Recall sub - atomic particle location

Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus.

Step3: Use atomic number and mass number relationships

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom. The number of neutrons is mass number - atomic number.
For Carbon (C): Atomic number = 6, so #P = 6, #E = 6. Mass number is approximately 12, so #N=12 - 6=6.
For Neon (Ne): Atomic number = 10, so #P = 10, #E = 10. Mass number is approximately 20, so #N=20 - 10 = 10.
For Potassium (K): Atomic number = 19, so #P = 19, #E = 19. Mass number is approximately 39, so #N=39 - 19=20.
For the table:

• For Na: Atomic number = 11, Mass number = 11 + 12=23, Number of electrons = 11.
• For K: Atomic number = 19, Mass number = 39, Number of electrons = 19, Number of neutrons = 39 - 19 = 20.
• For an element with 38 protons and 50 neutrons: Atomic number = 38 (element is Strontium, Sr), Mass number = 38+50 = 88, Number of electrons = 38.
• For F: Atomic number = 9, Mass number = 9 + 10=19, Number of electrons = 9.
• For an element with atomic number 20 (Calcium, Ca): Mass number = 40, Number of protons = 20, Number of electrons = 20.
• For an element with atomic number 50 (Tin, Sn): Mass number = 50+69 = 119, Number of protons = 50, Number of electrons = 50.
• For I: Atomic number = 53, Mass number = 127, Number of protons = 53, Number of electrons = 53, Number of neutrons = 127 - 53 = 74.

Answer:

1.
a) Positive charge
b) No charge
c) Negative charge
d) Protons and neutrons
2.
C: #P = 6, #N = 6, #E = 6
Ne: #P = 10, #N = 10, #E = 10
K: #P = 19, #N = 20, #E = 19
3.

Symbol	Atomic Number	Mass Number	Number of Protons	Number of Electrons	Number of Neutrons
K	19	39	19	19	20
Sr	38	88	38	38	50
F	9	19	9	9	10
Ca	20	40	20	20	20
Sn	50	119	50	50	69
I	53	127	53	53	74