Question

lava from an underwater volcano piles up over many years. eventually, the pile of lava sticks up above the ocean surface, forming a new island. to show that succession is occurring on the island, it would be most helpful for a scientist to measure changes in —
f average temperature
g day length
h annual precipitation
j soil depth

○ f
○ g
○ h
○ j

Explanation:

Ecological succession involves changes in the ecosystem over time, including the development of soil as organisms colonize and modify the environment. Average temperature (F), day length (G), and annual precipitation (H) are more related to climate and not direct indicators of succession. Soil depth changes as plants grow, decompose, and contribute to soil formation, so measuring soil depth (J) helps show succession.

Answer:

J. soil depth