Question

a major side effect that stress can cause on the gastrointestinal system is ______. a. diminished levels of gastrin, leading to constipation b. elevated levels of gastrin, causing stomach ulcers c. elevated levels of cortisol, causing overeating d. diminished levels of cortisol, causing stomach ulcers

Explanation:

Stress triggers increased gastrin secretion. Gastrin stimulates stomach acid production, and prolonged high acid levels can erode the stomach lining, leading to ulcers. Option A is incorrect because stress typically increases (not diminishes) gastrin. Options C and D are wrong: while stress elevates cortisol, cortisol's GI effects do not directly cause overeating as a primary side effect, and stress does not lower cortisol levels.

Answer:

B. elevated levels of gastrin, causing stomach ulcers