Question

man whose gift lay in new directions should measure up or down to stereotyped and fossilized standards. for all of this there can be only hearty praise. but this does not in the least mean that the extremists whose paintings and pictures were represented are entitled to any praise, save, perhaps, that they have helped to break fetters. probably in any reform movement, any progressive movement, in any field of life, the penalty for avoiding the commonplace is a liability to extravagance. it is vitally necessary to move forward and to shake off the dead hand, often the fossilized dead hand, of the reactionaries; and yet we have to face the fact that there is apt to be a lunatic fringe
reread the final paragraph of the passage, on pages 6–7. which premise does this paragraph most support?
when it comes to art, works that are appealing to some people seem extremely ugly to others.
leaders of any new social movement should make sure that those who represent the movement conform to certain ideals.
whenever people create something positive, there are those who will try to destroy it.
anytime people engage in progressive change, there are bound to be individuals who take things too far.

Explanation:

The relevant paragraph from the passage talks about reform movements, progressive movement, and the idea that in any field of reform, while moving forward and breaking fetters (old restrictions) is necessary, there is also a "lunatic fringe" (those who take things too far). Let's analyze each option:

1. The first option is about art and differing opinions on beauty, which is not related to the passage's focus on reform movements and extremes in progress. Eliminate.
2. The second option says leaders of new social movements should ensure representatives conform to ideals. The passage is about the existence of extremists in reform, not about leaders enforcing conformity. Eliminate.
3. The third option is about people trying to destroy positive creations. The passage is about extremes in progressive change, not destruction of positive things. Eliminate.
4. The fourth option: "Anytime people engage in progressive change, there are bound to be individuals who take things too far." The passage mentions that in reform/progressive movement, there is a "lunatic fringe" (those who take things too far) even as progress is made (breaking fetters, moving forward). This matches the idea of progressive change having individuals who go to extremes.

Answer:

D. Anytime people engage in progressive change, there are bound to be individuals who take things too far. (Assuming the options are labeled A - D as per typical multiple - choice, with the fourth option being D)