Question

1. match the types of devices with the functions.

______ used by power plants to remove some pollutants from factory smokestacks
______ technology used to place carbon dioxide deep underground
______ device that measures pollutants like dust, smoke, and gases in the air
______ device that removes some pollutants from car exhaust before it enters the atmosphere
______ device used to control heating and cooling more efficiently

1. match the correct terms to complete the sentences.

carbon dioxide is a ______ gas.
______ happens when pollutants from the smoke of power plants combine with moisture in the air.
______ is the overall increase in global temperature.
______ is the result of chemicals in car exhaust reacting with the sunlight.
______ is change in a regions weather patterns over a long time.

Answer:

Question 5 (Matching devices with functions)

To solve this, we recall the functions of environmental and pollution - control devices:

1. Device for power plant pollutant removal (smokestacks):

• Scrubbers are used by power plants to remove some pollutants from factory smokestacks. Scrubbers work by using a liquid (like water or a chemical solution) to trap pollutants such as sulfur dioxide.

1. Technology for carbon dioxide underground placement:

• Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the technology used to place carbon dioxide deep underground. CCS involves capturing CO₂ from industrial processes, transporting it, and then storing it in underground geological formations.

1. Device for measuring air pollutants:

• Air quality monitors (or air pollution monitors) are devices that measure pollutants like dust, smoke, and gases in the air. These monitors can use various sensors to detect the concentration of different pollutants.

1. Device for car exhaust pollutant removal:

• Catalytic converters are devices that remove some pollutants from car exhaust before it enters the atmosphere. They work by facilitating chemical reactions that convert harmful pollutants like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides into less harmful substances like carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrogen gas.

1. Device for efficient heating/cooling control:

• Thermostats are devices used to control heating and cooling more efficiently. They can be set to maintain a specific temperature, and they turn the heating or cooling system on or off as needed to achieve that temperature.

Question 6 (Matching terms to complete sentences)

We recall the relevant environmental science terms:

1. Carbon dioxide as a gas:

• Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect.

1. Pollutants from power plant smoke + moisture:

• Acid rain happens when pollutants from the smoke of power plants (like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with moisture in the air. These pollutants react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals in the atmosphere to form acidic compounds that fall to the ground as acid rain.

1. Overall increase in global temperature:

• Global warming is the overall increase in global temperature. It is mainly caused by the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, which trap more heat from the sun.

1. Chemicals in car exhaust + sunlight:

• Photochemical smog is the result of chemicals in car exhaust (like volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides) reacting with the sunlight. This reaction produces a mixture of harmful pollutants, including ozone at ground level, which is a major component of smog.

1. Change in a region’s weather patterns over long time:

• Climate change is a change in a region’s weather patterns over a long time. It can involve changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other aspects of the climate, and is often related to human - induced factors like the increase in greenhouse gases as well as natural factors.

Final Answers (Question 5 - Device - Function Matches)

1. Scrubbers - used by power plants to remove some pollutants from factory smokestacks
2. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) - technology used to place carbon dioxide deep underground
3. Air Quality Monitor - device that measures pollutants like dust, smoke, and gases in the air
4. Catalytic Converter - device that removes some pollutants from car exhaust before it enters the atmosphere
5. Thermostat - device used to control heating and cooling more efficiently

Final Answers (Question 6 - Term - Sentence Completions)

1. Carbon dioxide is a \(\boldsymbol{\text{greenhouse}}\) gas.
2. \(\boldsymbol{\text{Acid rain}}\) happens when pollutants from the smoke of power plants combine with moisture in the air.
3. \(\boldsymbol{\text{Global warming}}\) is the overall increase in global temperature.
4. \(\boldsymbol{\text{Photochemical smog}}\) is the result of chemicals in car exhaust reacting with the sunlight.
5. \(\boldsymbol{\text{Climate change}}\) is a change in a region’s weather patterns over a long time.