Question

match the vocabulary word to its definition:

1. subatomic particles
2. proton
3. nucleus
4. neutron
5. electron
6. isotope

a. the very small dense region in the center of an atom that contains all the positive charge and most of the mass.
b. the negatively charged subatomic particle of an atom.
c. a neutral particle located in the nucleus with a charge of zero.
d. atoms of the same element with identical atomic numbers but different atomic masses due to different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
e. the positively charged subatomic particle contained in the nucleus of an atom.
f. the three kinds of particles that make up atoms: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
fill in the table properties for the given isotopes
isotope in hyphen notation nuclear notation atomic # # of protons # of neutrons # of electrons mass #
calcium - 40
calcium - 42
calcium - 43
calcium - 44
calcium - 46

1. use the diagram below to determine the identity of the atom modeled below. explain how you determined this.

diagram explanation

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - related knowledge

For isotopes of an element, the atomic number is the same as the number of protons and is characteristic of the element. Calcium has an atomic number of 20. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. The mass number is given in the hyphen - notation, and the number of neutrons is calculated as mass number - atomic number.

Step2: Calculate for Calcium - 40

Nuclear Notation: $^{40}_{20}Ca$; Atomic # = 20; # of protons = 20; # of neutrons = 40 - 20=20; # of electrons = 20; Mass # = 40

Step3: Calculate for Calcium - 42

Nuclear Notation: $^{42}_{20}Ca$; Atomic # = 20; # of protons = 20; # of neutrons = 42 - 20 = 22; # of electrons = 20; Mass # = 42

Step4: Calculate for Calcium - 43

Nuclear Notation: $^{43}_{20}Ca$; Atomic # = 20; # of protons = 20; # of neutrons = 43 - 20 = 23; # of electrons = 20; Mass # = 43

Step5: Calculate for Calcium - 44

Nuclear Notation: $^{44}_{20}Ca$; Atomic # = 20; # of protons = 20; # of neutrons = 44 - 20 = 24; # of electrons = 20; Mass # = 44

Step6: Calculate for Calcium - 46

Nuclear Notation: $^{46}_{20}Ca$; Atomic # = 20; # of protons = 20; # of neutrons = 46 - 20 = 26; # of electrons = 20; Mass # = 46

For question 7, assume the diagram shows 6 protons in the nucleus (count the positively - charged particles in the nucleus).

Step7: Identify the atom

The element is carbon since the number of protons (atomic number) determines the identity of the element, and carbon has an atomic number of 6.

Isotope in Hyphen Notation	Nuclear Notation	Atomic #	# of protons	# of neutrons	# of electrons	Mass #
Calcium - 42	$^{42}_{20}Ca$	20	20	22	20	42
Calcium - 43	$^{43}_{20}Ca$	20	20	23	20	43
Calcium - 44	$^{44}_{20}Ca$	20	20	24	20	44
Calcium - 46	$^{46}_{20}Ca$	20	20	26	20	46

Answer:

For the isotope table: see above - filled table.
For question 7: The atom is carbon. Explanation: The number of protons in the nucleus is 6, and the atomic number of carbon is 6, so it is carbon.