Question

millions of years ago, tiny marine organisms died and sank to the ocean floor. over time, their remains decomposed into organic matter. this organic matter was buried deep underground, where intense heat and pressure transformed it into petroleum. the petroleum then became stuck in geologic traps and collected in reservoirs, from which humans have extracted it. which pieces of evidence support the claim that petroleum mostly formed in places that were once oceans? select all that apply. petroleum reservoirs are often found in sedimentary rocks that formed in ancient marine environments. petroleum reservoirs are often found within geologic traps capped by non - permeable rocks. petroleum is chemically similar to the remains of marine organisms like bacteria, algae, and plankton. petroleum formation involves intense heat from earths mantle and pressure from millions of tons of overlying rocks and sediments.

Explanation:

1. For "Petroleum reservoirs are often found in sedimentary rocks that formed in ancient marine environments": Sedimentary rocks from ancient marine environments imply the area was once an ocean, and finding petroleum there supports the claim.
2. For "Petroleum is chemically similar to the remains of marine organisms like bacteria, algae, and plankton": Chemical similarity to marine organisms' remains suggests petroleum formed from marine life, so the area was once an ocean.
3. The option "Petroleum reservoirs are often found within geologic traps capped by non - permeable rocks" is about petroleum storage, not its origin related to oceans, so it doesn't support.
4. The option "Petroleum formation involves intense heat from Earth’s mantle and pressure from millions of tons of overlying rocks and sediments" is about the formation process conditions, not about the area being an ocean, so it doesn't support.

Answer:

• Petroleum reservoirs are often found in sedimentary rocks that formed in ancient marine environments.
• Petroleum is chemically similar to the remains of marine organisms like bacteria, algae, and plankton.