Question

3 multiple choice 1 point all of the following scenarios involve delivering the drug directly to its target organ except: transdermal application of drugs to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). inhalation of drugs to treat asthma symptoms (expand the bronchioles). topical application of drugs to treat inflammation of the skin. oral delivery of drugs into the stomach to treat acid reflux. rectal delivery of drugs to treat hemorrhoids. 4 multiple choice 1 point bimatoprost is a medication used for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypertension by reducing intraocular pressure (pressure eye). this is applied directly to the surface of the eye in solution form. which group of routes of administration does this belong to? transdermal parenteral topical enteral

Explanation:

Question 3

• Transdermal (hypertension): Drug via skin, target is cardiovascular (not direct to target organ? Wait, no—wait, hypertension target is blood vessels/heart, but transdermal delivers to systemic circulation, not direct to target organ? Wait, no, let's analyze each:
• Inhalation (asthma): Target is bronchioles (lungs), inhaled drug goes directly to lungs—direct.
• Topical (skin inflammation): Target is skin, topical on skin—direct.
• Oral (stomach, acid reflux): Target is stomach, oral delivery to stomach—direct (drug goes to stomach). Wait, no—oral delivery: when you take oral drug for acid reflux, it goes to stomach, but transdermal for hypertension: transdermal patch delivers drug into bloodstream, which then goes to target organs (blood vessels/heart) —so it's not direct to target organ (systemic delivery). Wait, the question is "delivering the drug directly to its target organ EXCEPT". Let's re-express:
• Inhalation (asthma): Target bronchioles (lungs) → inhaled drug goes to lungs (direct).
• Topical (skin): Target skin → topical on skin (direct).
• Oral (stomach, acid reflux): Target stomach → oral drug reaches stomach (direct, as it's ingested and acts on stomach).
• Rectal (hemorrhoids): Target rectum/anal area → rectal delivery (direct).
• Transdermal (hypertension): Target is cardiovascular system (blood vessels/heart). Transdermal delivers drug into systemic circulation (bloodstream), which then distributes to target organs—so it's not direct delivery to the target organ (it's systemic, not direct to the target organ like the others). So the exception is transdermal application of drugs to treat hypertension.

• Transdermal: Through skin (e.g., patches) — not eye surface.
• Parenteral: Injections (IV, IM, etc.) — not eye surface.
• Topical: Application to body surface (skin, mucous membranes, eyes) — Bimatoprost is applied directly to eye surface (a body surface, mucous membrane of eye) → topical.
• Enteral: Through GI tract (oral, rectal) — not eye surface.

Answer:

A. Transdermal application of drugs to treat hypertension (high blood pressure).

Question 4