2 name and describe the three subatomic particles. for each particle, state where it is located in the atom and what electric charge (if any) it has.
3 what determines the vast majority of characteristics in an atom?
4 what is the difference between an element and an atom? how is an isotope related to an atom?
5 how many electrons are in an atom that has 32 protons?
6 how many atoms (total) are in a molecule of ( c_3h_8o )? what atoms are present and how many of each atom?
7 what six biologically important elements make up most of living matter?
8 identify the following as an atom, element, or molecule:
a. ( h_2co_3 )
b. nitrogen-14
c. p
(table header: atom, element or molecule?)

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
The three subatomic particles are proton, neutron, and electron. Protons are in the nucleus, positive charge. Neutrons are in the nucleus, no charge. Electrons orbit the nucleus, negative charge.
# Answer:
- **Proton**: Located in the atomic nucleus, has a positive electric charge ($+1$).
- **Neutron**: Located in the atomic nucleus, has no electric charge (neutral).
- **Electron**: Orbits the nucleus in electron clouds, has a negative electric charge ($-1$).

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
The number of protons (atomic number) determines most atomic characteristics, as it defines the element and influences electron configuration.
# Answer:
The number of protons (atomic number) in the nucleus determines the vast majority of an atom’s characteristics.

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
An element is a pure substance with one type of atom. An atom is the smallest unit of an element. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different neutron counts.
# Answer:
- **Element vs. Atom**: An *element* is a pure substance consisting of only one type of atom (e.g., all carbon atoms make up the element carbon). An *atom* is the smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties.
- **Isotope and Atom**: An isotope is a variant of an atom (of the same element) with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

### Question 5
# Explanation:
## Step1: Recall atom charge balance
A neutral atom has equal protons (positive) and electrons (negative).
## Step2: Apply to 32 protons
If an atom has 32 protons, it must have 32 electrons to be neutral.
# Answer:
32

### Question 6
# Explanation:
## Step1: Analyze the formula $\ce{C3H8O}$
The subscripts indicate the number of each atom: $C$ (carbon) has subscript 3, $H$ (hydrogen) has 8, $O$ (oxygen) has 1.
## Step2: Calculate total atoms
Add the number of each atom: $3 + 8 + 1 = 12$.
# Answer:
- Total atoms: $12$.
- Atoms present: Carbon ($\ce{C}$: 3 atoms), Hydrogen ($\ce{H}$: 8 atoms), Oxygen ($\ce{O}$: 1 atom).

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
The six biologically important elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur (CHONPS), which form most biomolecules.
# Answer:
The six biologically important elements that make up most of living matter are **carbon (C)**, **hydrogen (H)**, **oxygen (O)**, **nitrogen (N)**, **phosphorus (P)**, and **sulfur (S)** (often abbreviated as CHONPS).

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
- $\ce{H2CO3}$: Molecule (multiple atoms bonded, contains H, C, O).
- Nitrogen - 14: Atom (specific isotope of nitrogen, 1 atom).
- $\ce{P}$: Element (symbol for phosphorus, represents the pure substance or a single phosphorus atom).
# Answer:
| Substance       | Atom, Element, or Molecule? |
|-----------------|-----------------------------|
| a. $\ce{H2CO3}$ | Molecule (contains multiple atoms of different elements bonded) |
| b. nitrogen - 14 | Atom (a specific isotope of nitrogen, a single atom) |
| c. $\ce{P}$     | Element (represents the pure substance phosphorus or a single phosphorus atom) |

Sovi.AI - AI Math Tutor

QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Question 2

Answer:

Question 3