Question

name _______________________________ set 8th warm up 1. determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of the following neutral and charged atoms. a. f p⁺= e⁻= n⁰= b. f⁻ p⁺= e⁻= n⁰= c. al p⁺= e⁻= n⁰= d. al³⁺ p⁺= e⁻= n⁰= of the hydrogen isotopes

Explanation:

Part a: F (Fluorine)

Step1: Find protons (atomic number)

Fluorine has atomic number 9, so \( p^+ = 9 \).

Step2: Find electrons (neutral atom)

Neutral, so \( e^- = p^+ = 9 \).

Step3: Find neutrons (mass number - atomic number)

Fluorine mass number is 19, so \( n^0 = 19 - 9 = 10 \).

Step1: Protons (atomic number)

Atomic number of F is 9, so \( p^+ = 9 \).

Step2: Electrons (gained 1 electron)

Neutral F has 9, \( \text{F}^- \) has \( 9 + 1 = 10 \), so \( e^- = 10 \).

Step3: Neutrons (mass number - atomic number)

Mass number 19, so \( n^0 = 19 - 9 = 10 \).

Step1: Protons (atomic number)

Aluminum atomic number 13, so \( p^+ = 13 \).

Step2: Electrons (neutral atom)

Neutral, so \( e^- = 13 \).

Step3: Neutrons (mass number - atomic number)

Aluminum mass number 27, so \( n^0 = 27 - 13 = 14 \).

Answer:

\( p^+ = 9 \), \( e^- = 9 \), \( n^0 = 10 \)

Part b: \( \text{F}^- \) (Fluoride ion)