Question

name these organic compounds:
table with two columns: structure (containing three chemical structures: 1) benzene ring with br substituent, 2) benzene ring with two ch₃ substituents (ortho), 3) benzene ring with cl (top) and br (bottom) substituents and name (empty boxes for each structure)

Explanation:

First Compound (Bromobenzene)

Step1: Identify the parent structure

The parent structure is a benzene ring (aromatic ring with 6 carbon atoms).

Step2: Identify the substituent

The substituent is a bromine atom (Br) attached to the benzene ring.

Step3: Name the compound

When a halogen (like Br) is attached to benzene, we use the prefix "bromo-" and the parent name "benzene". So the name is bromobenzene.

Second Compound (o - Xylene or 1,2 - Dimethylbenzene)

Step1: Identify the parent structure

The parent structure is a benzene ring.

Step2: Identify the substituents

There are two methyl groups ($\ce{CH_3}$) attached to adjacent carbon atoms (ortho - position) on the benzene ring.

Step3: Name the compound

For two methyl groups on adjacent carbon atoms of benzene, we can use the common name "o - xylene" (o for ortho) or the IUPAC name "1,2 - dimethylbenzene".

Third Compound (4 - Bromo - 1 - chlorobenzene or p - Bromochlorobenzene)

Step1: Identify the parent structure

The parent structure is a benzene ring.

Step2: Identify the substituents

We have a bromine (Br) atom and a chlorine (Cl) atom attached to the benzene ring. The bromine is at the 4 - position and chlorine at the 1 - position (or they are in para - position, p - ).

Step3: Name the compound

We number the carbon atoms of the benzene ring. The substituent with the lower priority (bromine and chlorine have the same priority in terms of naming, but we can number such that the substituents get the lowest possible numbers) or use the para - (p - ) notation. So the name can be "4 - bromo - 1 - chlorobenzene" or "p - bromochlorobenzene".

Answer:

structure	name
!Second structure	o - xylene (or 1,2 - dimethylbenzene)
!Third structure	4 - bromo - 1 - chlorobenzene (or p - bromochlorobenzene)

(Note: The images in the table are placeholders. In a real - world scenario, you would have the actual chemical structure images. The naming follows the IUPAC nomenclature rules for aromatic compounds, where we identify the parent ring, the substituents, and their positions to give the correct name.)