Question

name these organic compounds:
table with two columns: structure (containing three chemical structures: 1) benzene ring with two ch₃ groups (ortho-substituted), 2) benzene ring with cl (top) and br (bottom, meta to cl), 3) benzene ring with two br (para-substituted) and name (empty cells for each structure)

Explanation:

Step 1: Name the first compound (dimethylbenzene)

The first structure has a benzene ring with two methyl ($\ce{CH_3}$) groups attached to adjacent carbon atoms (ortho - position). The common name for this is o - xylene (or 1,2 - dimethylbenzene).

Step 2: Name the second compound (bromochlorobenzene)

The second structure has a benzene ring with a chlorine ($\ce{Cl}$) and a bromine ($\ce{Br}$) attached to adjacent carbon atoms (ortho - position). So it is named o - bromochlorobenzene (or 1 - bromo - 2 - chlorobenzene).

Step 3: Name the third compound (dibromobenzene)

The third structure has a benzene ring with two bromine ($\ce{Br}$) atoms attached to adjacent carbon atoms (ortho - position). So it is named o - dibromobenzene (or 1,2 - dibromobenzene).

Answer:

1. o - xylene (or 1,2 - dimethylbenzene)
2. o - bromochlorobenzene (or 1 - bromo - 2 - chlorobenzene)
3. o - dibromobenzene (or 1,2 - dibromobenzene)