Question

1. name the three subatomic particles.
2. fill in the following table using the periodic table of elements.

element symbol element name protons neutrons electrons
? phosphorus 15 16 15
? 51 24 51
antimony 51? 27
ne - 20 neon 10 10 10

1. given the following ions, determine the number of protons, electrons, and type of ion

a. cu²⁺ electrons 27
b. te²⁻ 56 protons 54 electrons

1. draw the bohr model for argon
2. mary works for a chemistry laboratory and her boss tells her that she needs to find an element with 6 valence electrons and 4 shells. describe how she could find that element on the periodic table and what element is it. (2 - 3 sentences)

Explanation:

Step1: Recall subatomic particles

Protons determine element identity, electrons in neutral atoms equal protons, and neutrons can vary.

Step2: Answer question 1

The three subatomic particles are protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Step3: Answer question 2

For Phosphorus (P), protons = 15, neutrons = 16, electrons = 15. For Antimony (Sb), protons = 51, neutrons = 71 (assuming common isotope, mass - number 122, so 122 - 51 = 71), electrons = 51. For Neon - 20 (Ne - 20), protons = 10, neutrons = 10, electrons = 10.

Step4: Answer question 3 for Cu⁺

Copper (Cu) has atomic number 29. For Cu⁺, protons = 29, electrons = 28 (lost 1 electron), it is a cation.

Step5: Answer question 3 for Ba²⁺

Barium (Ba) has atomic number 56. For Ba²⁺, protons = 56, electrons = 54 (lost 2 electrons), it is a cation.

Step6: Answer question 4

Argon (Ar) has atomic number 18. In the Bohr - model, it has 2 electrons in the first shell, 8 in the second shell, and 8 in the third shell.

Step7: Answer question 5

Elements are arranged by atomic number in the periodic table. An element with 4 shells and 6 valence electrons is in the 4th period and 16th group. It is Selenium (Se) as the number of valence electrons determines the group and the number of shells determines the period.

Answer:

1. Protons, neutrons, electrons
2. P: Protons 15, Neutrons 16, Electrons 15; Sb: Protons 51, Neutrons 71, Electrons 51; Ne - 20: Protons 10, Neutrons 10, Electrons 10
3. Cu⁺: Protons 29, Electrons 28, Cation; Ba²⁺: Protons 56, Electrons 54, Cation
4. First shell: 2 electrons, Second shell: 8 electrons, Third shell: 8 electrons (draw circular orbits with appropriate number of dots)
5. Look in the 4th period and 16th group of the periodic table. The element is Selenium (Se).