Question

nombre: destiny ramos
práctica de estructura atómica
completa los espacios en blanco de la tabla. puedes usar una tabla periódica si la necesitas. suponga que todos los átomos son neutros.
nombre del elemento | símbolo | número atómico | número de protones | *número de electrones | número de masa | número de neutrones
boro | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 11 | 6

6

6

oxigeno-16 | o | 8 | 8 | 8 | | 12

	11			64
cu

magnesio-24 | | | | | |

		43		96
ra					138

vanadio-51 | | 23 | | | |

19

39

silicio-28 | | | | | | 20

	20
		13			14
zn				65
	16				16

argón-40 | | | | | | 22

	80			201
		47		108
ni					31
	15				16

nombre del elemento | símbolo | número atómico | número de protones | número de electrones | número de masa | número de neutrones

Answer:

To solve the atomic structure table, we use the following relationships:

• Atomic Number (Z) = Number of Protons = Number of Electrons (in neutral atoms).
• Mass Number (A) = Number of Protons + Number of Neutrons ⇒ Neutrons = A − Z.

1. Boron (First Row)

• Atomic Number (Z) = 5 ⇒ Protons = 5, Electrons = 5.
• Mass Number (A) = 11 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 11 - 5 = 6 \) (matches the table).

2. Element with 6 Protons (Second Row)

• Atomic Number (Z) = 6 (Carbon, \( \text{C} \)).
• Electrons = 6 (neutral atom).
• Mass Number (A) = Protons + Neutrons = \( 6 + 6 = 12 \).

3. Oxígeno-16 (Oxygen-16)

• Symbol: \( \text{O} \), Atomic Number (Z) = 8 ⇒ Protons = 8, Electrons = 8.
• Mass Number (A) = 16 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 16 - 8 = 8 \).

4. Element with Z = 11 (Sodium, \( \text{Na} \))

• Protons = 11, Electrons = 11.
• Neutrons = 12 ⇒ Mass Number (A) = \( 11 + 12 = 23 \).

5. Copper (Cu)

• Atomic Number (Z) = 29 (from periodic table) ⇒ Protons = 29, Electrons = 29.
• Mass Number (A) = 64 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 64 - 29 = 35 \).

6. Magnesio-24 (Magnesium-24)

• Symbol: \( \text{Mg} \), Atomic Number (Z) = 12 ⇒ Protons = 12, Electrons = 12.
• Mass Number (A) = 24 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 24 - 12 = 12 \).

7. Element with 43 Protons (Technetium, \( \text{Tc} \))

• Atomic Number (Z) = 43 ⇒ Electrons = 43.
• Mass Number (A) = 98 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 98 - 43 = 55 \).

8. Element with 138 Neutrons (Radium, Ra)

• Atomic Number (Z) = 88 (Ra) ⇒ Protons = 88, Electrons = 88.
• Mass Number (A) = \( 88 + 138 = 226 \).

9. Vanadio-51 (Vanadium-51)

• Symbol: \( \text{V} \), Atomic Number (Z) = 23 ⇒ Protons = 23, Electrons = 23.
• Mass Number (A) = 51 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 51 - 23 = 28 \).

10. Element with 19 Protons (Potassium, \( \text{K} \))

• Atomic Number (Z) = 19 ⇒ Electrons = 19.
• Mass Number (A) = 39 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 39 - 19 = 20 \).

11. Silicio-28 (Silicon-28)

• Symbol: \( \text{Si} \), Atomic Number (Z) = 14 ⇒ Protons = 14, Electrons = 14.
• Mass Number (A) = 28 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 28 - 14 = 14 \) (wait, table says 20? Correct: If Neutrons = 20, A = \( 14 + 20 = 34 \) (Silicon-34?)).

12. Element with Z = 20 (Calcium, \( \text{Ca} \))

• Protons = 20, Electrons = 20.
• Neutrons = 20 ⇒ Mass Number (A) = \( 20 + 20 = 40 \).

13. Element with 13 Protons (Aluminum, \( \text{Al} \))

• Atomic Number (Z) = 13 ⇒ Electrons = 13.
• Neutrons = 14 ⇒ Mass Number (A) = \( 13 + 14 = 27 \).

14. Zinc (Zn)

• Atomic Number (Z) = 30 ⇒ Protons = 30, Electrons = 30.
• Mass Number (A) = 65 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 65 - 30 = 35 \).

15. Element with Z = 16 (Sulfur, \( \text{S} \))

• Protons = 16, Electrons = 16.
• Neutrons = 16 ⇒ Mass Number (A) = \( 16 + 16 = 32 \).

16. Argón-40 (Argon-40)

• Symbol: \( \text{Ar} \), Atomic Number (Z) = 18 ⇒ Protons = 18, Electrons = 18.
• Mass Number (A) = 40 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 40 - 18 = 22 \) (matches the table).

17. Element with Z = 80 (Mercury, \( \text{Hg} \))

• Protons = 80, Electrons = 80.
• Mass Number (A) = 201 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 201 - 80 = 121 \).

18. Element with 47 Protons (Silver, \( \text{Ag} \))

• Atomic Number (Z) = 47 ⇒ Electrons = 47.
• Mass Number (A) = 108 ⇒ Neutrons = \( 108 - 47 = 61 \).

19. Nickel (Ni)

• Atomic Number (Z) = 28 ⇒ Protons = 28, Electrons = 28.
• Neutrons = 31 ⇒ Mass Number (A) = \( 28 + 31 = 59 \).

20. Element with Z = 15 (Phosphorus, \( \text{P} \))

• Protons = 15, Electrons = 15.
• Neutrons = 16 ⇒ Mass Number (A) = \( 15 + 16 = 31 \).

Filled Table (Key Entries):

Nombre del elemento	Símbolo	Número atómico	Número de protones	Número de electrones	Número de masa	Número de neutrones
Carbono	C	6	6	6	12	6
Oxígeno-16	O	8	8	8	16	8
Sodio	Na	11	11	11	23	12
Cobre	Cu	29	29	29	64	35
Magnesio-24	Mg	12	12	12	24	12
Tecnethio	Tc	43	43	43	98	55
Radio	Ra	88	88	88	226	138
Vanadio-51	V	23	23	23	51	28
Potasio	K	19	19	19	39	20
Silicio-34	Si	14	14	14	34	20
Calcio	Ca	20	20	20	40	20
Aluminio	Al	13	13	13	27	14
Zinc	Zn	30	30	30	65	35
Azufre	S	16	16	16	32	16
Argón-40	Ar	18	18	18	40	22
Mercurio	Hg	80	80	80	201	121
Plata	Ag	47	47	47	108	61
Niquel	Ni	28	28	28	59	31
Fósforo	P	15	15	15	31	16

(Note: Some entries assume standard periodic table values. Adjust for isotopes as needed.)