Question

one brand of vinegar has a ph of 4.5. another brand has a ph of 5.0. the equation for the ph of a substance is ph = -logh+, where h+ is the concentration of hydrogen ions. what is the approximate difference in the concentration of hydrogen ions between the two brands of vinegar? o 2.2×10^(-5) o 3.2×10^(-1) o 3.2×10^(1) o 6.8×10^(4)

Explanation:

Step1: Find $[H^+]$ for pH = 4.5

Given $pH = -\log[H^+]$, then $[H^+]=10^{-pH}$. For $pH = 4.5$, $[H^+]_1 = 10^{- 4.5}$.

Step2: Find $[H^+]$ for pH = 5.0

For $pH = 5.0$, $[H^+]_2=10^{-5.0}$.

Step3: Calculate the difference

The difference $\Delta[H^+]=[H^+]_1 - [H^+]_2=10^{-4.5}-10^{-5.0}$.
$10^{-4.5}=10^{0.5}\times10^{-5}\approx3.16\times10^{-5}$, and $10^{-5.0} = 1\times10^{-5}$.
So $\Delta[H^+]=(3.16 - 1)\times10^{-5}\approx2.2\times10^{-5}$.

Answer:

$2.2\times10^{-5}$