Question

open - ended questions: answer the following questions in complete sentences.

1. explain how convection affects weather patterns on earth.

convection causes warm air to rise, cool and condense, forming clouds.

1. describe the differences in weather between a high - pressure system and a low - pressure system.
2. identify three elements of weather and explain how each one can be observed or measured.

Explanation:

1. Convection is a process where warmer, less - dense air rises. As it rises, it cools and the water vapor in it condenses to form clouds, which are a major part of weather patterns. Clouds can lead to precipitation and influence temperature.
2. In a high - pressure system, air sinks, leading to clear skies and generally calm weather. In a low - pressure system, air rises, causing clouds to form and often resulting in wind, precipitation, and stormy weather.
3. Temperature can be measured with a thermometer. Humidity can be measured with a hygrometer and is related to the amount of water vapor in the air. Wind speed and direction can be measured with an anemometer and wind vane respectively. Wind is caused by differences in air pressure.

Answer:

1. Convection causes warm air to rise, cool, and condense, forming clouds which affect weather patterns.
2. High - pressure systems have sinking air, clear skies, and calm weather; low - pressure systems have rising air, cloud formation, and often stormy weather.
3. Temperature is measured with a thermometer. Humidity is measured with a hygrometer. Wind speed is measured with an anemometer and wind direction with a wind vane.