Question

1. in a paper mill, which material is the feedstock?

a) paper
b) wood chips
c) drying machines
d) wastewater

1. throughput refers to:

a) the percentage of feedstock turned into product
b) the movement of materials on a diagram
c) how much material is processed in each time
d) the final products quality

1. a refinery producing 10,000 barrels per day is describing its:

a) yield
b) throughput
c) off - spec production
d) mass balance

1. if 200 lbs of feedstock produces 160 lbs of product, the yield is:

a) 80%
b) 20%
c) 100%
d) 50%

1. high yield usually means:

a) more waste and lower profit
b) less waste and higher profit
c) products are off - spec
d) lower throughput

1. an off - spec product is one that:

a) meets safety standards
b) is produced at high yield
c) fails to meet quality standards
d) increases throughput

1. off - spec products are dangerous because they:

a) waste money and harm reputation
b) improve yield and safety
c) increase throughput
d) always make higher profits

Explanation:

1. In a paper - mill, wood chips are the feedstock as paper is made from wood pulp.
2. Throughput is defined as how much material is processed in a given time.
3. A refinery producing 10,000 barrels per day is describing its throughput which is the rate of production over time.
4. Yield is calculated as (mass of product / mass of feedstock)×100%. So, (160/200)×100% = 80%.
5. High yield means less waste (since more of the feedstock is converted to product) and higher profit as more sellable product is produced.
6. An off - spec product fails to meet quality standards.
7. Off - spec products are dangerous because they waste money (resources used in production are wasted) and harm reputation (if released to market).

Answer:

1. b. Wood chips
2. c. How much material is processed in each time
3. b. Throughput
4. a. 80%
5. b. Less waste and higher profit
6. c. Fails to meet quality standards
7. a. Waste money and harm reputation