Question

part iv - research & statistics (20 questions)

1. which type of research observes behavior in a natural setting without interference?

a) experiment
b) case study
c) naturalistic observation
d) survey

1. which type of research is most useful for studying rare conditions?

a) experiment
b) case study
c) survey
d) correlation

1. which variable is manipulated in an experiment?

a) independent variable
b) dependent variable
c) control variable
d) confounding variable

1. which variable is measured in an experiment?

a) independent
b) dependent
c) confounding
d) random

1. if two variables increase together, it is a:

a) negative correlation
b) positive correlation

1. “ice cream sales and sunburns increase together” is an example of:

a) causation
b) correlation
c) independent variable
d) dependent variable

1. which research method can determine cause and effect?

a) survey
b) case study
c) experiment
d) correlation

1. a sample that fairly represents a population is called a:

a) biased sample
b) random sample
c) independent sample
d) dependent sample

1. in statistics, “mean” refers to:

a) middle number
b) most frequent number
c) average
d) range

1. in statistics, “median” refers to:

a) middle number
b) most frequent number
c) average
d) range

1. reliability in research means:

a) the results are consistent
b) the test measures what it’s supposed to measure

Explanation:

1. Naturalistic observation watches behavior in natural - setting without interference.
2. Case study is useful for rare conditions as it focuses on in - depth analysis of a single case.
3. Independent variable is manipulated in an experiment.
4. Dependent variable is measured in an experiment.
5. When two variables increase together, it's a positive correlation.
6. Ice - cream sales and sunburns increasing together is a correlation, not causation.
7. Experiment can determine cause and effect.
8. A sample that fairly represents a population is a random sample.
9. Mean in statistics refers to the average.
10. Median in statistics refers to the middle number.
11. Reliability in research means the results are consistent.

Answer:

1. c) Naturalistic observation
2. b) Case study
3. a) Independent variable
4. b) Dependent
5. b) Positive correlation
6. b) Correlation
7. c) Experiment
8. b) Random sample
9. c) Average
10. a) Middle number
11. a) The results are consistent