Question

part c
a muscle located at the end of the esophagus must relax before the bolus can enter the stomach. this muscle is called the
pyloric sphincter
gastroesophageal or lower esophageal sphincter
cecum
ileocecal valve
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part d
which of the following statement(s) regarding digestion is/are correct?
the gallbladder secretes bile, which emulsifies the fat, breaking it into smaller particles.
mechanical digestion in the stomach mixes and churns the bolus until it becomes a liquid called chyme.
the presence of chyme in the duodenum stimulates the gallbladder and the pancreas to release bile and pancreatic juice.
all of these statements are correct.
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Explanation:

For Part C: The gastroesophageal or lower esophageal sphincter is the muscle at the end - of the esophagus that relaxes to allow the bolus into the stomach. The pyloric sphincter is between the stomach and small intestine, the cecum is part of the large intestine, and the ileocecal valve is between the small and large intestines.
For Part D: The liver produces bile and the gallbladder stores and releases it to emulsify fat. Mechanical digestion in the stomach turns the bolus into chyme. The presence of chyme in the duodenum triggers the gallbladder and pancreas to release bile and pancreatic juice. So all statements are correct.

Answer:

Part C: B. gastroesophageal or lower esophageal sphincter
Part D: E. All of these statements are correct.