Question

the periodic table coloring activity
the periodic table contains a lot of useful information. color the periodic table as you read more about how it is organized.
periods & groups
the periodic table is organized into rows, called periods, and columns, called groups.

• the periods are labeled with numbers along the left - side of the periodic table. label the rows (1 to 7) on the periodic table.
• the groups are labeled with numbers across the top of the periodic table. label the columns (1 to 18) on the periodic table.

states of matter
there are three well - known states of matter: solid (s), liquid (l), and gas (g). the state of each element on the periodic table has been recorded at 25°c and 100 kpa (standard ambient temperature & pressure).

• most of the elements on the periodic table are solids. the lettering of these elements has been colored black. color the legend for solids to match.
• there are only two liquids on the periodic table: bromine (br), and mercury (hg). color the lettering of these two elements blue.
• several elements are gases. almost all of which are found on the right side of the periodic table: hydrogen (h), helium (he), nitrogen (n), oxygen (o), fluorine (f), neon (ne), chlorine (cl), argon (ar), krypton (kr), xenon (xe), and radon (rn). color in the lettering of these elements red.

metals, non - metals & metalloids
a \staircase\ divides the metallic elements from the non - metallic elements. most of the elements that are found along the staircase are metalloids - elements that have properties of both metal and non - metal.

• the metalloids are boron (b), silicon (si), germanium (ge), arsenic (as), antimony (sb), and tellurium (te). color these elements using a color of your choice. dont forget to color your legend.

metals are elements that are shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity. these elements are found on the left of the staircase non - metals are elements that are dull, and poor conductors of heat and electricity.
chemical families
elements that have similar physical and chemical properties are grouped together on the periodic table. these groupings are called chemical families.

• alkali metals are found in group 1 (not including hydrogen). these metals are soft and very reactive. color them using a color of your choice.
• alkaline earth metals are found in group 2. these metals are also reactive but much less than the alkali metals. color them using a color of your choice.
• transition metals are found in groups 3 to 12. they are very hard metals with very high melting points and boiling points. color them using a color of your choice.
• post - transition metals are found under the staircase in groups 13 to 16. color them using a color of your choice.
• lanthanides & actinides, also called the inner transition metals, are elements 57 - 71 and 89 - 103 and can be found under the periodic table. color them using a color of your choice.
• halogens are found in group 17. they are reactive non - metals. color them using a color of your choice.
• noble gases are found in group 18. these non - metals are unreactive. color them using a color of your choice.
• other non - metals are found above the staircase in groups 14 to 16 plus hydrogen. color them using a color of your choice.

questions
answer the following questions using the information you read and the periodic table you colored.

1. in your own words, what is a period? what is a group?
2. identify the group and period in which each of the following element can be found.

a) calcium group: __ period: c) oxygen group: period: __
b) aluminum group: __ period: d) gold group: period: __

1. classify each of the following elements as a metal, non - metal, or metalloid.

a) magnesium c) copper
b) iodine d) silicon

1. most elements on the periodic table are (solid/liquid/gas) at 25°c and 100 kpa.
2. which elements on the periodic table are liquids?
3. which elements are found to the left of the staircase? to the right?
4. how many metalloids are found on the periodic table?
5. which chemical family is described as non - reactive?
6. which chemical family is described as the most reactive metal?
7. which element is a metalloid found in period 2?
8. which halogens are gases?
9. which non - metal is found on the \wrong side\ of the periodic table?
10. which transition metals start with the letter c?
11. which two letters in the alphabet are not used in any element name or element symbol?
12. imagine you discovered a new element.

a) what would you name this element?
b) what would its symbol be?
c) in which group of the periodic table would you element be found? give two reasons for your decision.

Explanation:

1. A period is a horizontal row on the periodic table. A group is a vertical column on the periodic table.
2. a) Calcium: group 2, period 4; b) Aluminum: group 13, period 3; c) Oxygen: group 16, period 2; d) Gold: group 11, period 6.
3. a) Magnesium - metal; b) Iodine - non - metal; c) Copper - metal; d) Copper - metal.
4. Most elements on the periodic table are solids at 25°C and 100 kPa.
5. The two liquids on the periodic table are bromine and mercury.
6. Elements to the left of the staircase are metals. Elements to the right are non - metals and metalloids.
7. There are 7 metalloids on the periodic table (boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, polonium).
8. Noble gases are non - reactive.
9. Alkali metals are the most reactive metals.
10. Boron is a metalloid in period 2.
11. Fluorine and chlorine are gaseous halogens.
12. Hydrogen is a non - metal on the "wrong side" (left side) of the periodic table.
13. Chromium is a transition metal starting with 'c'.
14. The letters J and Q are not used in any element name or symbol.
15. a) Answers will vary for naming the new element. b) Answers will vary for the symbol. c) Answers will vary for group placement and reasons, depending on the properties assumed for the new element.

Answer:

1. Period: Horizontal row. Group: Vertical column.
2. a) Group 2, Period 4. b) Group 13, Period 3. c) Group 16, Period 2. d) Group 11, Period 6.
3. a) Metal. b) Non - metal. c) Metal. d) Metal.
4. Solids.
5. Bromine, Mercury.
6. Metals; Non - metals and metalloids.
7. 7.
8. Noble gases.
9. Alkali metals.
10. Boron.
11. Fluorine, Chlorine.
12. Hydrogen.
13. Chromium.
14. J, Q.
15. a) Varies. b) Varies. c) Varies.