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the periods on the periodic table determine what energy level the outer…

Question

the periods on the periodic table determine what energy level the outermost electrons are in. in which energy level are the outermost electrons of iodine? (ex. n = 1, n = 2, n = 3? draw the bohr model if you arent sure) where are the metals located on the periodic table? where are the nonmetals? which group of elements is least reactive? why are they unreactive? part 2: ions 15. what is a \cation\ and how does an atom become a cation? 16. what is an \anion\ and how does an atom become an anion? 17. how does the number of valence electrons help you determine if an atom will make a cation or an anion? 18. why do atoms gain or lose electrons to make ions? 19. complete the table. it continues on the following page.

Explanation:

Brief Explanations
  1. Iodine is in period 5 of the periodic table, so its outermost electrons are in the n = 5 energy - level.
  2. Metals are located on the left - hand side and in the middle of the periodic table.
  3. Non - metals are located on the right - hand side of the periodic table.
  4. The noble gases (Group 18) are the least reactive. They are unreactive because they have a full outer electron shell, which gives them a stable electron configuration.
  5. A cation is a positively charged ion. An atom becomes a cation by losing one or more electrons.
  6. An anion is a negatively charged ion. An atom becomes an anion by gaining one or more electrons.
  7. Atoms with 1, 2, or 3 valence electrons tend to lose electrons to form cations to achieve a stable electron configuration. Atoms with 5, 6, or 7 valence electrons tend to gain electrons to form anions to achieve a stable electron configuration. Atoms with 4 valence electrons can either gain or lose electrons depending on the situation.
  8. Atoms gain or lose electrons to make ions in order to achieve a stable electron configuration, usually a full outer shell like the noble gases.

Answer:

  1. The outermost electrons of iodine are in the n = 5 energy level.
  2. Metals are located on the left - hand side and in the middle of the periodic table.
  3. Non - metals are located on the right - hand side of the periodic table.
  4. The noble gases (Group 18) are the least reactive because they have a full outer electron shell.
  5. A cation is a positively charged ion. An atom becomes a cation by losing one or more electrons.
  6. An anion is a negatively charged ion. An atom becomes an anion by gaining one or more electrons.
  7. Atoms with 1 - 3 valence electrons tend to lose electrons to form cations, and atoms with 5 - 7 valence electrons tend to gain electrons to form anions; atoms with 4 valence electrons can either gain or lose electrons depending on the situation.
  8. Atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.