Question

proposed lewis structure is the proposed lewis structure reasonable? yes. no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: yes. no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: yes. no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: if two or more atoms of the same element dont satisfy the octet rule, just enter the chemical symbol as many times as necessary. for example, if two oxygen atoms dont satisfy the octet rule, enter \o,o\.

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate valence - electrons for COCl₂

Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons, oxygen (O) has 6, and each chlorine (Cl) has 7. So the total number of valence electrons is \(4 + 6+2\times7=24\). In the proposed structure, the number of valence electrons is correct. But carbon has only 6 electrons around it instead of 8, violating the octet rule. The problem atom is C.

Step2: Calculate valence - electrons for OH⁻

Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron and oxygen (O) has 6. Since it is an anion with a - 1 charge, we add 1 more electron. So the total number of valence electrons is \(1 + 6+1 = 8\). In the proposed structure, oxygen has 8 electrons around it and hydrogen has 2, satisfying the octet (duet for H) and having the correct number of valence electrons.

Step3: Calculate valence - electrons for H₃O⁺

Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron and oxygen (O) has 6. Since it is a cation with a + 1 charge, we subtract 1 electron. So the total number of valence electrons is \(3\times1+6 - 1=8\). In the proposed structure, oxygen has 8 electrons around it and each hydrogen has 2, satisfying the octet (duet for H) and having the correct number of valence electrons.

Answer:

1. No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are: C
2. Yes.
3. Yes.