Question

question 11
japanese pirates?
not always japanese - but always a threat to east asian shipping and coastal towns
ironically, the most successful armed force at stopping the europeans from taking over
an ally of the manchus against the ming - japanese pirates helped the manchus invade taiwan/formosa
a minor problem for the ming who were able to buy off japanese emperors to keep the peace

Explanation:

Japanese pirates, also known as wako in history, were not always solely Japanese - they included some Chinese and other East - Asian elements. They posed a significant threat to East Asian shipping and coastal towns during the Ming dynasty in China. They were not a force to stop European expansion, did not ally with the Manchus against the Ming in relation to Taiwan, and were not a minor problem that could be easily bought off.

Answer:

not always Japanese - but always a threat to east Asian shipping and coastal towns