Question

question 15.9
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rank the following acids by the amount of $h_3o^+$ produced upon dissociation in water from most $h_3o^+$ (top) to least $h_3o^+$ (bottom).
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1.2 m hf
1.6 m hcl
1.2 m hbr

Explanation:

Step1: Classify acid strength

HCl and HBr are strong acids (complete dissociation); HF is a weak acid (partial dissociation, produces far less $\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$ at same concentration).

Step2: Compare strong acid concentrations

For strong acids, $\text{[H}_3\text{O}^+]$ equals acid concentration. 1.6 M HCl has higher concentration than 1.2 M HBr, so it produces more $\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$.

Step3: Rank all acids

Strong acids produce more $\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$ than weak acid; higher concentration strong acid > lower concentration strong acid > weak acid.

Answer:

1. 1.6 M HCl
2. 1.2 M HBr
3. 1.2 M HF