Question

question 20
10 pts
use the text box below to answer the following questions.

1. discuss two types of housing options that are available for older adults.
2. what are three developmental changes to how drugs impact older adults that should be taken into account when prescribing them?
3. identify two diseases of the cardiovascular system and their causes. bonus points for additional diseases listed (up to three total).

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Explanation:

For Question 28:

1. Assisted Living Facilities: These are residential communities for older adults who need help with daily tasks (like bathing, meal prep) but don't require 24/7 medical care. They offer structured support while preserving some independence.
2. Nursing Homes (Skilled Nursing Facilities): These are for older adults with significant medical needs or disabilities that require constant professional nursing care, such as post-surgery recovery or management of chronic, complex conditions.

For Question 29:

1. Reduced Renal Function: Older adults' kidneys filter drugs more slowly, so drugs stay in the body longer, increasing overdose risk.
2. Altered Liver Metabolism: The liver's ability to break down drugs decreases, raising drug concentration in the bloodstream.
3. Increased Sensitivity to Drugs: Changes in body composition (more fat, less water) and receptor sensitivity make older adults more responsive to drugs, leading to stronger side effects even at standard doses.

For Question 30:

1. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Caused by the buildup of plaque (cholesterol, fat, and other substances) in the coronary arteries, which narrows the vessels and reduces blood flow to the heart. Risk factors include high cholesterol, hypertension, and smoking.
2. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Often caused by a combination of factors, including age-related stiffening of blood vessels, excess sodium intake, obesity, chronic stress, and genetic predisposition. Over time, it damages blood vessels and strains the heart.
3. Bonus: Heart Failure: Caused by weakened heart muscle (from CAD, hypertension, or past heart attacks) that cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. Other causes include viral infections of the heart or long-term alcohol abuse.

Answer:

Question 28:

1. Assisted Living Facilities: Residential communities for older adults needing help with daily tasks but not 24/7 medical care, balancing support and independence.
2. Nursing Homes (Skilled Nursing Facilities): Facilities for older adults with complex medical needs requiring constant professional nursing care.

Question 29:

1. Reduced renal function slows drug excretion, prolonging drug presence in the body.
2. Diminished liver metabolism reduces drug breakdown, raising blood drug levels.
3. Increased drug sensitivity due to body composition and receptor changes amplifies side effects.

Question 30:

1. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Caused by plaque buildup in coronary arteries from high cholesterol, hypertension, or smoking.
2. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Caused by age-related blood vessel stiffening, excess sodium, obesity, or genetics.
3. Bonus: Heart Failure: Caused by weakened heart muscle from CAD, hypertension, past heart attacks, or viral heart infections.