question 37 (5 points)
for the reaction
no(g) + kmno₄(aq) → mno₂(s) + kno₃(aq)
which element is reduced?
which ion is a spectator ion?
what is the oxidizing agent?
what is the reducing agent?
which element is oxidized?
1. permanganate
2. nitrogen
3. manganese
4. nitrogen monoxide
5. potassium

Question

Accepted Answer

To solve this redox reaction problem, we analyze the oxidation states of each element:

### Step 1: Determine oxidation states
- For $ \text{NO}(g) $: $ \text{N} $ has an oxidation state of $ +2 $, $ \text{O} $ is $ -2 $.
- For $ \text{KMnO}_4(aq) $: $ \text{K} $ is $ +1 $, $ \text{O} $ is $ -2 $, so $ \text{Mn} $ in $ \text{MnO}_4^- $ is $ +7 $ (since $ 1 + x + 4(-2) = -1 \Rightarrow x = +7 $).
- For $ \text{MnO}_2(s) $: $ \text{O} $ is $ -2 $, so $ \text{Mn} $ is $ +4 $ (since $ x + 2(-2) = 0 \Rightarrow x = +4 $).
- For $ \text{KNO}_3(aq) $: $ \text{K} $ is $ +1 $, $ \text{O} $ is $ -2 $, so $ \text{N} $ is $ +5 $ (since $ 1 + x + 3(-2) = 0 \Rightarrow x = +5 $).

### Step 2: Identify reduced element
- **Reduction** is a decrease in oxidation state. $ \text{Mn} $ goes from $ +7 $ (in $ \text{KMnO}_4 $) to $ +4 $ (in $ \text{MnO}_2 $)—it is reduced. So the reduced element is $ \text{manganese} $ (option 3).

### Step 3: Identify spectator ion
- A spectator ion does not change its oxidation state. $ \text{K}^+ $ (from $ \text{KMnO}_4 $ and $ \text{KNO}_3 $) has an oxidation state of $ +1 $ throughout. So the spectator ion is $ \text{potassium} $ (option 5).

### Step 4: Identify oxidizing agent
- The oxidizing agent is reduced (causes oxidation of another species). $ \text{KMnO}_4 $ (specifically $ \text{MnO}_4^- $, or "permanganate") is reduced (Mn goes from $ +7 $ to $ +4 $), so the oxidizing agent is $ \text{permanganate} $ (option 1).

### Step 5: Identify reducing agent
- The reducing agent is oxidized (causes reduction of another species). $ \text{NO} $ (nitrogen monoxide) is oxidized (N goes from $ +2 $ to $ +5 $), so the reducing agent is $ \text{nitrogen monoxide} $ (option 4).

### Step 6: Identify oxidized element
- **Oxidation** is an increase in oxidation state. $ \text{N} $ goes from $ +2 $ (in $ \text{NO} $) to $ +5 $ (in $ \text{KNO}_3 $)—it is oxidized. So the oxidized element is $ \text{nitrogen} $ (option 2).

### Final Answers:
- Which element is reduced? $ \boldsymbol{3} $ (manganese)
- Which ion is a spectator ion? $ \boldsymbol{5} $ (potassium)
- What is the oxidizing agent? $ \boldsymbol{1} $ (permanganate)
- What is the reducing agent? $ \boldsymbol{4} $ (nitrogen monoxide)
- Which element is oxidized? $ \boldsymbol{2} $ (nitrogen)

### Summary:
| Question                  | Answer (Option)       |
|---------------------------|-----------------------|
| Reduced element           | 3. manganese          |
| Spectator ion             | 5. potassium          |
| Oxidizing agent           | 1. permanganate       |
| Reducing agent            | 4. nitrogen monoxide  |
| Oxidized element          | 2. nitrogen           |

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Step 1: Determine oxidation states

Step 2: Identify reduced element

Step 3: Identify spectator ion

Step 4: Identify oxidizing agent

Step 5: Identify reducing agent

Step 6: Identify oxidized element

Final Answers:

Summary:

Answer: