Question

1.) read the following and answer the questions below: the dead sea and the baltic sea present striking contrasts in terms of salinity. the dead sea, located between israel and jordan, is renowned for its extremely high salt content. it has 342 g of salt in 1000 g water, making it one of the saltiest bodies of water on earth. the dead sea is in an area that has a hot (increasing rates of evaporation) and receives very little rainfall. there is also very little freshwater input (rivers with only one major river flowing into the dead sea. the baltic sea, located between central and northern europe, has low salinity levels. it has 7 g of salt in water, significantly lower than that of most seas and oceans. the baltic sea is an area with a relative climate. there are hundreds of freshwater rivers that flow into the baltic sea and it is in an area with rainfall. a. which part (salt or water) is the solute in the above solution and how do you know? b. which part (salt or water) is the solvent in the above solution and how do you know? c. calculate the percent concentration of salt in the dead sea. show all work for credit d. calculate the percent concentration of salt in the baltic sea. show all work for full credit

Explanation:

Step1: Define solute

The solute is the substance that is dissolved in a solution. In seawater, salt is dissolved in water. So salt is the solute.

Step2: Define solvent

The solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute. Water dissolves salt in seawater, so water is the solvent.

Step3: Calculate percent - concentration of salt in Dead Sea

The formula for percent - concentration (mass/mass) is $\text{Percent concentration}=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}}\times100\%$. The mass of solute (salt) is 342 g and the mass of solution is 1000 g. So, $\text{Percent concentration}=\frac{342}{1000}\times 100\% = 34.2\%$.

Step4: Calculate percent - concentration of salt in Baltic Sea

Given that there are 7 g of salt in 1000 g of water (solution). Using the percent - concentration formula $\text{Percent concentration}=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}}\times100\%$, we have $\text{Percent concentration}=\frac{7}{1000}\times 100\%=0.7\%$.

Answer:

a. Salt is the solute because it is the substance dissolved in water.
b. Water is the solvent because it is the substance that dissolves the salt.
c. 34.2%
d. 0.7%