Question

response to crisis: absolutism
directions: fill in the blanks below as you read section 3.

1. ________________ is a system in which a ruler holds total ____________

a. in seventeenth - century europe, absolutism was tied to the divine ______________
b. the reign of __________________ in france is the best example of absolutism.

1. cardinal richelieu strengthened the __________________ by limiting rights and spying on the nobles.
2. louis xiv called himself the __________________.
3. louis xiv had complete authority over ____________, the __________ and ____________

ii. ________________ and ________________ emerged as european powers after the thirty years’ war.
a. prussia was a small territory with no natural ______________ for defense.

1. frederick william built a large and efficient ______________.
2. in 1701 frederick william’s son ______________ officially became king.

b. the __________________ had long served as emperors in the holy roman empire.

1. in the seventeenth century, they had lost the ______________ empire.
2. after the defeat of the turks in 1683, austria took control of all of ____________, __________, __________, and ____________

iii. ivan iv became the first russian ruler to take the title of ______________, or caesar.
a. the most prominent member of the ______________ dynasty was peter the great.
b. peter was especially eager to borrow european ______________ to modernize the army and navy.
c. a hard - fought war with ______________ enabled the building of st. petersburg.

Explanation:

Absolutism is a political - system where a ruler has total power. In 17th - century Europe, it was linked to the divine right of kings. Louis XIV of France is a prime example. Cardinal Richelieu strengthened royal power. Louis XIV called himself the Sun King and had authority over politics, the military, and the economy. After the Thirty Years' War, Prussia and Austria emerged as powers. Prussia built a strong army, and Frederick William's son became king. The Habsburgs were Holy Roman Emperors. After defeating the Turks, Austria expanded. Ivan IV took the title of tsar. The Romanov dynasty's most prominent member was Peter the Great, who borrowed European technology and fought Sweden to build St. Petersburg.

Answer:

1. Absolutism; power; right of kings

B. Louis XIV

1. royal power
2. Sun King
3. politics; military; economy

II. Prussia; Austria
A. barriers

1. army
2. Frederick I

B. Habsburgs

1. Bohemian
2. Hungary; Transylvania; Croatia; Slavonia

III. tsar
A. Romanov
B. technology
C. Sweden