Question

section 6 medical

1. the letter \s\ in the pneumonic paste refers to:

a. symptoms
b. sputum
c. severity
d. sickness

1. if carbon dioxide levels drop too low, the person automatically breathes:

a. normally
b. rapidly and deeply
c. slower and less deeply
d. fast and shallow.

1. if the level of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood rises above normal, the patient breathes:

a. normally
b. rapidly and deeply
c. slower and less deeply
d. fast and shallow

1. inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea resulting in a \seal bark\ is typically caused by:

a. emphysema
b. chronic bronchitis
c. croup
d. epiglottitis

1. the rate of breathing is typically increased when:

a. oxygen levels increase
b. oxygen levels decrease
c. carbon dioxide levels increase
d. carbon dioxide levels decrease

1. __________ is a sign of hypoxia of the brain.

a. altered mental status
b. decreased pulse rate
c. decreased respiratory rate
d. delayed capillary refill time

1. an obstruction to the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the capillaries may result from:

a. epiglottitis
b. pneumonia
c. a cold
d. croup

1. pulmonary edema can develop quickly after a major:

a. heart attack
b. episode of syncope
c. brain injury
d. trauma

1. pulmonary edema may be produced by:

a. cigarette smoking
b. seasonal allergies
c. inhaling toxic chemical fumes
d. carbon monoxide poisoning

Explanation:

1. In the pneumonic PASTE, "S" stands for sputum. It is a common medical - related pneumonic.
2. When carbon dioxide levels drop too low, the body slows and decreases the depth of breathing to retain more carbon dioxide.
3. When arterial carbon - dioxide levels rise above normal, the body tries to expel the excess carbon dioxide by breathing rapidly and deeply.
4. Croup is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea, causing a "seal - bark" cough.
5. The rate of breathing increases when carbon dioxide levels increase or oxygen levels decrease as the body tries to maintain proper gas exchange.
6. Altered mental status is a sign of hypoxia of the brain due to lack of sufficient oxygen supply.
7. Pneumonia can cause an obstruction to the gas exchange between the alveoli and capillaries due to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the lungs.
8. Pulmonary edema can develop quickly after a major heart attack as the heart's pumping function is impaired, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs.
9. Inhaling toxic chemical fumes can damage the lung tissue and cause pulmonary edema.

Answer:

1. B. sputum
2. C. slower and less deeply
3. B. rapidly and deeply
4. C. croup
5. B. oxygen levels decrease; C. carbon dioxide levels increase
6. A. Altered mental status
7. B. pneumonia
8. A. heart attack
9. C. inhaling toxic chemical fumes