Question

(slide#7) explain what are covalent bonds are and provide an example (slide#13) define activation energy (slide#14) explain the difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions reflection explain what you learned 5 - 6 sentences include by underlining or highlighting 4 of the following vocabulary words: atom molecule

Explanation:

Step1: Define covalent bonds

Covalent bonds are electron - sharing bonds. Example of $H_2O$ shows sharing.

Step2: Define activation energy

It's the minimum energy for reaction initiation.

Step3: Differentiate endergonic and exergonic

Based on energy absorption or release ($\Delta G$ sign).

Step4: Write reflection

Summarize key learnings and highlight vocabulary.

Answer:

• Slide #7: Covalent bonds are chemical bonds that involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. For example, in a water molecule ($H_2O$), the oxygen atom shares electrons with two hydrogen atoms.
• Slide #13: Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that reactants must possess in order to undergo a chemical reaction.
• Slide #14: An endergonic reaction is a reaction that absorbs energy from the surroundings (has a positive $\Delta G$), while an exergonic reaction releases energy to the surroundings (has a negative $\Delta G$).
• Reflection: I learned about covalent bonds, activation energy, and the difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions. Atoms combine through covalent bonds to form molecules. Activation energy is crucial for reactions to start. Endergonic reactions need energy input, and exergonic reactions give out energy. I underlined/ highlighted "atom", "molecule", "covalent bonds", and "activation energy".