Question

sources of immigration to the united states
1880 - 1900
1900 - 1920
source: john murrin et al., liberty, equality, power: a history of the american people
what was one result of the changes in immigration patterns shown on the chart?
urban population declined
requirements for citizenship were eased (made easier)
business increased its demand for workers
restrictive immigration laws were passed

Explanation:

The pie charts show a shift in U.S. immigration sources (1860-1900: mostly Western/Northern European; 1900-1920: more Southern/Eastern European, plus new groups like Russians/Asians). This demographic shift led to backlash, resulting in restrictive immigration laws (like the Emergency Quota Act of 1921) to limit non-Western European immigration. The other options are incorrect: urban population grew, citizenship rules tightened, and while business needed workers, this was not a direct result of the shift in immigration patterns shown.

Answer:

Restrictive immigration laws were passed