Question

what was one of the key resources sought by european powers in southern africa during the 19th century?
a. silk
b. cotton
c. tea
d. gold and diamonds

which economic theory emphasized accumulating wealth through a favorable balance of trade?
a. capitalism
b. free trade
c. laissez-faire
d. mercantilism

Explanation:

1. For the first question: Silk, cotton, and tea were primarily associated with trade in other regions (like Asia) during this era. Southern Africa's 19th-century European colonization was driven heavily by discoveries of gold and diamond deposits, which were major sought-after resources.
2. For the second question: Capitalism focuses on private ownership and profit, free trade and laissez-faire advocate for minimal government intervention in trade. Mercantilism specifically centers on building national wealth by maintaining a favorable balance of trade (exporting more than importing).

Answer:

1. d. Gold and diamonds
2. d. Mercantilism